Centos7中怎么安装Scrapy

Centos7中怎么安装Scrapy，很多新手对此不是很清楚，为了帮助大家解决这个难题，下面小编将为大家详细讲解，有这方面需求的人可以来学习下，希望你能有所收获。

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一、安装开发包组、升级操作系统

#yum groupinstall "Development Tools" -y
#yum update -y

注：

  1、如果你的系统上的python不是python2.7以上版本请升级到python2.7以上版本（由于Scrapy 需要python 2.7 以上的版本）

#下载python2.7

#wget http://python.org/ftp/python/2.7.3/Python-2.7.3.tar.bz2

#解压 

#tar -jxvf Python-2.7.3.tar.bz2  
#cd Python-2.7.3

#安装

#./configure
#make all           
#make install
#make clean
#make distclean

#查看python 版本

#/usr/local/bin/python2.7 -V

#建立软连接，使系统默认的 python指向 python2.7

#mv /usr/bin/python /usr/bin/python2.6.6
#ln -s /usr/local/bin/python2.7 /usr/bin/python

#解决系统 Python 软链接指向 Python2.7 版本后，因为yum是不兼容 Python 2.7的，所以yum不能正常工作，我们需要指定 yum 的Python版本

vim /usr/bin/yum

将文件头部的

#!/usr/bin/python

改成

#!/usr/bin/python2.6.6

  2、强烈建议升级python2.7后再安装pip与setuptools,如果不这样操作会出现很多莫明的问题，让你酸爽到天明！！

  3、如果你是升级到python2.7，更大的可能性是全部通过python setup.py 编译安装，所需要的包含但不限于这些包

lxml,zope.interface,Twisted,characteristic,pyasn1-modules,service-identity,Scrapy

  PS:我一开始就是编译安装的，其中最多的问题是:

error:command 'gcc' failed with exit status 1

   后来我发现，如果有这样的提示不是缺少devel包就是少某一个lib库文件;最令我哭笑不得是安装Scrapy 提示成功，但无法创建项目，测试样例都跑不了，最终我果断的换centos7了！

以下内容都是Centos 7上的操作，升级到python2.7的同学请绕行

二、vim /etc/yum.repo/rpmforge.repo 指定rpmforge,来安装liffi-devel【如果不指定源，yum install liffi-devel会提示没有找到】，原博文中的方法不能用，自己又搜索了方案，使用下面代码覆盖上面打开的文件

#Name: RPMforge RPM Repository for Red Hat Enterprise 5 - dag
#URL: http://rpmforge.net/
[rpmforge]
name = Red Hat Enterprise $releasever - RPMforge.net - dag
#baseurl = http://apt.sw.be/redhat/el5/en/$basearch/dag
mirrorlist = http://apt.sw.be/redhat/el5/en/mirrors-rpmforge
#mirrorlist = file:///etc/yum.repos.d/mirrors-rpmforge
enabled = 1
protect = 0
gpgkey = file:///etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-rpmforge-dag
gpgcheck = 1

运行下面命令

sudo rpm --import http://apt.sw.be/RPM-GPG-KEY.dag.txt
sudo yum install libffi-devel

原解决方案：http://www.lxway.com/164125081.htm

注：没有rpmforge的需要先安装

rpmforge是Dag、Dries 和其它软件包的组合。它们为 CentOS 提供了超过10000个软件包。rpmforge不是redhat Linux产品或 CentOS 的组成部分，但它是为这些 Linux 套件而设计的。

注释：因为这个安装源不是CentOS 本身的组成部分，要使用rpmforge，必须先安装rpmforce这个Repository。

获取方式：

#32位：  

wget http://packages.sw.be/rpmforge-release/rpmforge-release-0.5.1-1.el5.rf.i386.rpm  
rpm -ivh rpmforge-release-0.5.1-1.el5.rf.i386.rpm

#64位：  

wget http://packages.sw.be/rpmforge-release/rpmforge-release-0.5.1-1.el5.rf.x86_64.rpm

安装：

rpm -ivh rpmforge-release-0.5.1-1.el5.rf.x86_64.rpm

安装好之后在/etc/yum.repos.d 目录下面生成：

mirrors-rpmforge  --包含一系列的镜像站点

rpmforge.repo     --yum源的配置文件

rpmforge-testing.repo --测试用的。

三、如果系统中安装有audit这个包请先移除，它会影响到Scrapy的安装

#yum remove audit

四、安装Scarpy 所需要的开发包

#yum install -y python-devel openssl-devel libxslt-devel libxml2-devel

五、安装pip与setuptools

#yum install python-pip -y

显示没有可用源：

这是因为像centos这类衍生出来的发行版，他们的源有时候内容更新的比较滞后，或者说有时候一些扩展的源根本就没有。所以在使用yum来search  python-pip的时候，会说没有找到该软件包。因此为了能够安装这些包，需要先安装扩展源EPEL。EPEL(http://fedoraproject.org/wiki/EPEL) 是由 Fedora 社区打造，为 RHEL 及衍生发行版如 CentOS、Scientific Linux 等提供高质量软件包的项目。

首先安装epel扩展源：

sudo yum -y install epel-release

然后安装python-pip

sudo yum -y install python-pip

安装完之后别忘了清除一下cache

sudo yum clean all

#pip install  setuptools
#pip install setuptoos --upgrade

六、安装Scrapy

# pip install Scrapy

Collecting Scrapy

  Using cached Scrapy-1.0.3-py2-none-any.whl

Requirement already satisfied (use --upgrade to upgrade): cssselect>=0.9 in /usr/lib/python2.7/site-packages (from Scrapy)

Requirement already satisfied (use --upgrade to upgrade): queuelib in /usr/lib/python2.7/site-packages (from Scrapy)

Requirement already satisfied (use --upgrade to upgrade): pyOpenSSL in /usr/lib/python2.7/site-packages (from Scrapy)

Requirement already satisfied (use --upgrade to upgrade): w3lib>=1.8.0 in /usr/lib/python2.7/site-packages (from Scrapy)

Collecting lxml (from Scrapy)

  Using cached lxml-3.4.4.tar.gz

Collecting Twisted>=10.0.0 (from Scrapy)

  Using cached Twisted-15.4.0.tar.bz2

Requirement already satisfied (use --upgrade to upgrade): six>=1.5.2 in /usr/lib/python2.7/site-packages (from Scrapy)

Collecting service-identity (from Scrapy)

  Using cached service_identity-14.0.0-py2.py3-none-any.whl

Requirement already satisfied (use --upgrade to upgrade): cryptography>=0.7 in /usr/lib64/python2.7/site-packages (from pyOpenSSL->Scrapy)

Collecting zope.interface>=3.6.0 (from Twisted>=10.0.0->Scrapy)

  Using cached zope.interface-4.1.3.tar.gz

Collecting characteristic>=14.0.0 (from service-identity->Scrapy)

  Using cached characteristic-14.3.0-py2.py3-none-any.whl

Collecting pyasn1-modules (from service-identity->Scrapy)

  Using cached pyasn1_modules-0.0.8-py2.py3-none-any.whl

Requirement already satisfied (use --upgrade to upgrade): pyasn1 in /usr/lib/python2.7/site-packages (from service-identity->Scrapy)

Requirement already satisfied (use --upgrade to upgrade): idna>=2.0 in /usr/lib/python2.7/site-packages (from cryptography>=0.7->pyOpenSSL->Scrapy)

Requirement already satisfied (use --upgrade to upgrade): setuptools in /usr/lib/python2.7/site-packages (from cryptography>=0.7->pyOpenSSL->Scrapy)

Requirement already satisfied (use --upgrade to upgrade): enum34 in /usr/lib/python2.7/site-packages (from cryptography>=0.7->pyOpenSSL->Scrapy)

Requirement already satisfied (use --upgrade to upgrade): ipaddress in /usr/lib/python2.7/site-packages (from cryptography>=0.7->pyOpenSSL->Scrapy)

Requirement already satisfied (use --upgrade to upgrade): cffi>=1.1.0 in /usr/lib64/python2.7/site-packages (from cryptography>=0.7->pyOpenSSL->Scrapy)

Requirement already satisfied (use --upgrade to upgrade): pycparser in /usr/lib/python2.7/site-packages (from cffi>=1.1.0->cryptography>=0.7->pyOpenSSL->Scrapy)

Installing collected packages: lxml, zope.interface, Twisted, characteristic, pyasn1-modules, service-identity, Scrapy

  Running setup.py install for lxml

  Running setup.py install for zope.interface

  Running setup.py install for Twisted

Successfully installed Scrapy-1.0.3 Twisted-15.4.0 characteristic-14.3.0 lxml-3.4.4 pyasn1-modules-0.0.8 service-identity-14.0.0 zope.interface-4.1.3

七、创建项目

[root@localhost workspace]

# scrapy startproject tutorial

2015-10-15 21:54:24 [scrapy] INFO: Scrapy 1.0.3 started (bot: scrapybot)

2015-10-15 21:54:24 [scrapy] INFO: Optional features available: ssl, http11

2015-10-15 21:54:24 [scrapy] INFO: Overridden settings: {}

New Scrapy project 'tutorial' created in:

    /workspace/tutorial

You can start your first spider with:

    cd tutorial

    scrapy genspider example example.com

八、目录结构

[root@localhost workspace]

# tree

.

└── tutorial

    ├── scrapy.cfg

    └── tutorial

        ├── __init__.py

        ├── items.py

        ├── pipelines.py

        ├── settings.py

        └── spiders

            └── __init__.py

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