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怎么在Vert.x中使用Maven插件创建一个项目
怎么在Vert.x中使用Maven插件创建一个项目？针对这个问题，这篇文章详细介绍了相对应的分析和解答，希望可以帮助更多想解决这个问题的小伙伴找到更简单易行的方法。
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已有项目添加该插件
在项目 pom.xml 目录，执行下面的命令即可添加：
mvn io.reactiverse:vertx-maven-plugin:1.0.17:setup
执行该命令后，在 pom.xml 中会增加下面的配置：
3.5.3 1.0.17 io.vertx vertx-stack-depchain ${vertx.version} pom import
还有下面的插件：
io.reactiverse vertx-maven-plugin ${vertx-maven-plugin.version} vmp initialize package true
自动引入的 vert.x 版本为 3.5.3，你可以通过在 mvn 命令增加 -DvertxVersion=3.4.0 这个参数来指定需要的版本。
从头创建空项目
首先你 必须创建一个目录 ，vert.x 插件不会自动给你创建目录，只会创建目录内的 src 和 pom.xml 等文件。
创建一个目录，进入该目录内，在该目录内执行下面的命令：
mvn io.reactiverse:vertx-maven-plugin:1.0.17:setup ^ -DprojectGroupId=org.acme ^ -DprojectArtifactId=acme-project ^ -DprojectVersion=1.0-SNAPSHOT ^ -Dverticle=org.acme.Foo ^ -Dverticle=io.vertx.sample.MyFirstVerticle ^ -Ddependencies=web
如果你使用的 Linux 系统，将上面的 ^ 改为 \ 。
这里和上面相比增加了项目 GAV 的配置。
通过 -Dverticle=io.vertx.sample.MyFirstVerticle ，可以生成一个默认的 Verticle 类。
通过 -Ddependencies=web 可以指定你想加入的 vert.x 的依赖，这里写的名字都是缩写，具体对应关系看下面的介绍。
使用上面命令后，就创建了一个基础 vert.x 项目，在开始学习 vert.x 的时候，通过这种方式可以更快的创建基础项目。
-Ddependencies 对照表
源码： dependencies.json
下面 JSON 中的 labels 就是缩写名，groupId 和 artifactId 是对应的依赖。
[
{
"name": "Vert.x Web",
"labels": [
"web"
],
"groupId": "io.vertx",
"artifactId": "vertx-web"
},
{
"name": "Vert.x Web Client",
"labels": [
"web-client"
],
"groupId": "io.vertx",
"artifactId": "vertx-web-client"
},
{
"name": "Vert.x Mongo Client",
"labels": [
"mongo"
],
"groupId": "io.vertx",
"artifactId": "vertx-mongo-client"
},
{
"name": "Vert.x Kafka Client",
"labels": [
"kafka"
],
"groupId": "io.vertx",
"artifactId": "vertx-kafka-client"
},
{
"name": "Vert.x Consul Client",
"labels": [
"consul"
],
"groupId": "io.vertx",
"artifactId": "vertx-consul-client"
},
{
"name": "Vert.x gRPC",
"labels": [
"gRPC"
],
"groupId": "io.vertx",
"artifactId": "vertx-grpc"
},
{
"name": "Vert.x (async) JDBC Client",
"labels": [
"jdbc"
],
"groupId": "io.vertx",
"artifactId": "vertx-jdbc-client"
},
{
"name": "Vert.x redis Client",
"labels": [
"redis"
],
"groupId": "io.vertx",
"artifactId": "vertx-redis-client"
},
{
"name": "Vert.x Mail Client",
"labels": [
"mail",
"smtp"
],
"groupId": "io.vertx",
"artifactId": "vertx-mail-client"
},
{
"name": "Vert.x STOMP",
"labels": [
"stomp"
],
"groupId": "io.vertx",
"artifactId": "vertx-stomp"
},
{
"name": "Vert.x EventBus Bridge using TCP",
"labels": [
"tcp-bridge"
],
"groupId": "io.vertx",
"artifactId": "vertx-tcp-eventbus-bridge"
},
{
"name": "Vert.x - Apache Camel bridge",
"labels": [
"camel"
],
"groupId": "io.vertx",
"artifactId": "vertx-camel-bridge"
},
{
"name": "Vert.x Bridge with AMQP",
"labels": [
"amqp"
],
"groupId": "io.vertx",
"artifactId": "vertx-amqp-bridge"
},
{
"name": "Vert.x Client for RabbitMQ",
"labels": [
"rabbitmq"
],
"groupId": "io.vertx",
"artifactId": "vertx-rabbitmq-client"
},
{
"name": "Vert.x Authentication Support using JDBC",
"labels": [
"jdbc-auth"
],
"groupId": "io.vertx",
"artifactId": "vertx-auth-jdbc"
},
{
"name": "Vert.x Authentication Support using JWT",
"labels": [
"jwt-auth"
],
"groupId": "io.vertx",
"artifactId": "vertx-auth-jwt"
},
{
"name": "Vert.x Authentication Support using Mongo",
"labels": [
"mongo-auth"
],
"groupId": "io.vertx",
"artifactId": "vertx-auth-mongo"
},
{
"name": "Vert.x Authentication Support using Shiro",
"labels": [
"shiro-auth"
],
"groupId": "io.vertx",
"artifactId": "vertx-auth-shiro"
},
{
"name": "Vert.x Authentication Support using OAuth 2",
"labels": [
"oauth3",
"oauth3-auth",
"oauth"
],
"groupId": "io.vertx",
"artifactId": "vertx-auth-oauth3"
},
{
"name": "Vert.x support for RX Java",
"labels": [
"rx",
"rxjava"
],
"groupId": "io.vertx",
"artifactId": "vertx-rx-java"
},
{
"name": "Vert.x support for JavaScript (Nashorn)",
"labels": [
"js",
"javascript"
],
"groupId": "io.vertx",
"artifactId": "vertx-lang-js"
},
{
"name": "Vert.x support for Kotlin",
"labels": [
"kotlin",
"vertx-kotlin"
],
"groupId": "io.vertx",
"artifactId": "vertx-lang-kotlin-compiler"
},
{
"name": "Vert.x support for Ruby (JRuby)",
"labels": [
"rb",
"ruby",
"jruby"
],
"groupId": "io.vertx",
"artifactId": "vertx-lang-ruby"
},
{
"name": "Vert.x support for Apache Groovy",
"labels": [
"groovy"
],
"groupId": "io.vertx",
"artifactId": "vertx-lang-groovy"
},
{
"name": "Vert.x Service Discovery",
"labels": [
"discovery",
"service-discovery"
],
"groupId": "io.vertx",
"artifactId": "vertx-service-discovery"
},
{
"name": "Vert.x Circuit Breaker",
"labels": [
"circuit-breaker",
"circuit"
],
"groupId": "io.vertx",
"artifactId": "vertx-circuit-breaker"
},
{
"name": "Vert.x Service Discovery for Kubernetes",
"labels": [
"discovery-kubernetes",
"service-discovery-kubernetes"
],
"groupId": "io.vertx",
"artifactId": "vertx-service-discovery-bridge-kubernetes"
},
{
"name": "Vert.x Service Discovery for Consul",
"labels": [
"discovery-consul",
"service-discovery-consul"
],
"groupId": "io.vertx",
"artifactId": "vertx-service-discovery-bridge-consul"
},
{
"name": "Vert.x Metrics using Dropwizard",
"labels": [
"jmx",
"dropwizard"
],
"groupId": "io.vertx",
"artifactId": "vertx-dropwizard-metrics"
},
{
"name": "Vert.x Metrics using Hawkular",
"labels": [
"hawkular"
],
"groupId": "io.vertx",
"artifactId": "vertx-hawkular-metrics"
},
{
"name": "Vert.x Shell",
"labels": [
"shell"
],
"groupId": "io.vertx",
"artifactId": "vertx-shell"
},
{
"name": "Vert.x Unit",
"labels": [
"test"
],
"groupId": "io.vertx",
"artifactId": "vertx-unit",
"scope": "test"
},
{
"name": "Vert.x Cluster Manager based on Hazelcast",
"labels": [
"hazelcast",
"hazelcast-cluster-manager"
],
"groupId": "io.vertx",
"artifactId": "vertx-hazelcast"
},
{
"name": "Vert.x Cluster Manager based on Infinipan",
"labels": [
"infinispan",
"infinispan-cluster-manager"
],
"groupId": "io.vertx",
"artifactId": "vertx-infinispan"
},
{
"name": "Vert.x Cluster Manager based on Zookeeper",
"labels": [
"zookeeper-cluster-manager"
],
"groupId": "io.vertx",
"artifactId": "vertx-zookeeper"
},
{
"name": "Vert.x Cluster Manager based on Apache Ignite",
"labels": [
"ignite"
],
"groupId": "io.vertx",
"artifactId": "vertx-ignite"
},
{
"name": "Vert.x Cluster Manager based on Apache Zookeeper",
"labels": [
"zookeeper"
],
"groupId": "io.vertx",
"artifactId": "vertx-zookeeper"
},
{
"name": "Vert.x Web Template Engine based on Pebble",
"labels": [
"pebble",
"pebble-template",
"pebble-template-engine"
],
"groupId": "io.vertx",
"artifactId": "vertx-web-templ-pebble",
"classifier": "shaded"
},
{
"name": "Vert.x Web Template Engine based on Apache Freemarker",
"labels": [
"freemarker",
"freemarker-template",
"freemarker-template-engine"
],
"groupId": "io.vertx",
"artifactId": "vertx-web-templ-freemarker",
"classifier": "shaded"
},
{
"name": "Vert.x Web Template Engine based on Thymeleaf",
"labels": [
"thymeleaf",
"thymeleaf-template",
"thymeleaf-template-engine"
],
"groupId": "io.vertx",
"artifactId": "vertx-web-templ-thymeleaf",
"classifier": "shaded"
},
{
"name": "Vert.x Web Template Engine based on Handlebars",
"labels": [
"handlebars",
"handlebars-template",
"handlebars-template-engine"
],
"groupId": "io.vertx",
"artifactId": "vertx-web-templ-handlebars",
"classifier": "shaded"
},
{
"name": "Vert.x Web Template Engine based on Jade",
"labels": [
"jade",
"jade-template",
"jade-template-engine"
],
"groupId": "io.vertx",
"artifactId": "vertx-web-templ-jade",
"classifier": "shaded"
},
{
"name": "Vert.x Web Template Engine based on MVEL",
"labels": [
"mvel",
"mvel-template",
"mvel-template-engine"
],
"groupId": "io.vertx",
"artifactId": "vertx-web-templ-mvel",
"classifier": "shaded"
},
{
"name": "Vert.x (async) RPC service proxies",
"labels": [
"service-proxies",
"rpc-services"
],
"groupId": "io.vertx",
"artifactId": "vertx-service-proxy"
},
{
"name": "Vert.x Service Factory using Apache Maven",
"labels": [
"maven-service-factory"
],
"groupId": "io.vertx",
"artifactId": "vertx-maven-service-factory"
},
{
"name": "Vert.x Service Factory",
"labels": [
"service-factory"
],
"groupId": "io.vertx",
"artifactId": "vertx-service-factory"
},
{
"name": "Vert.x Service Factory using HTTP",
"labels": [
"http-service-factory"
],
"groupId": "io.vertx",
"artifactId": "vertx-http-service-factory"
},
{
"name": "Vert.x Configuration",
"labels": [
"config"
],
"groupId": "io.vertx",
"artifactId": "vertx-config"
},
{
"name": "Vert.x Configuration with Kubernetes ConfigMap",
"labels": [
"config-kubernetes",
"config-config-map",
"config-configmap"
],
"groupId": "io.vertx",
"artifactId": "vertx-config-kubernetes-configmap"
},
{
"name": "Vert.x Configuration with a Git repository",
"labels": [
"config-git"
],
"groupId": "io.vertx",
"artifactId": "vertx-config-git"
},
{
"name": "Vert.x Configuration - HOCON format",
"labels": [
"config-hocon"
],
"groupId": "io.vertx",
"artifactId": "vertx-config-hocon"
},
{
"name": "Vert.x Configuration - Yaml format",
"labels": [
"config-yaml"
],
"groupId": "io.vertx",
"artifactId": "vertx-config-yaml"
},
{
"name": "Vert.x Configuration with a Zookeeper backend",
"labels": [
"config-zookeeper"
],
"groupId": "io.vertx",
"artifactId": "vertx-config-zookeeper"
},
{
"name": "Vert.x Configuration with a Redis backend",
"labels": [
"config-redis"
],
"groupId": "io.vertx",
"artifactId": "vertx-config-redis"
}
]打包项目
集成了 vert.x 插件后，打包变的极其容易，只需要下面的命令：
mvn clean package
通过这种方式就会打出一个 fat jar 包，可以直接通过 java -jar xxxx.jar 运行的包。
其他命令
除了上面这些，还有 vertx:run, vertx:debug, vertx:start, vertx:stop 命令，这些命令可以在不打 jar 包的情况下运行或者关闭项目。
常见问题
通过插件方式运行时，你经常会遇到下面的问题：
[INFO] 严重: java.net.BindException: Address already in use: bind
这种情况是因为使用类似 IDEA Maven 插件中的命令直接双击运行时，你无法关闭这个应用。如果你使用的纯命令行，直接 Ctrl+C 就能关闭。
使用 vertx:run 在命令行运行时可以直接关闭。
使用 vertx:start 运行时，需要通过 vertx:stop 关闭。
万一遇上无法关闭的情况，在 windows 中，可以用下面方式解决。
在命令行中，输入下面的命令：
jps -m
这个命令会列出所有运行的 jvm：
15248 Jps -m
2384 Launcher run io.vertx.sample.MyFirstVerticle redeploy-termination-period=1000 -Dvertx.id=5fd656fa-55a9-46b4-8d23-caa95f2e5032-redeploy
8208
11844 Launcher run io.vertx.sample.MyFirstVerticle redeploy-termination-period=1000 -Dvertx.id=bec46d01-d441-4949-a2d9-f8ffbe85f965-redeploy
14200 Launcher run io.vertx.sample.MyFirstVerticle --redeploy=F:\Git\my-first-vertx-app\target\classes/**/* --redeploy-scan-period=1000 redeploy-termi
nation-period=1000 --launcher-class=io.vertx.core.Launcher
7580 Launcher clean compile vertx:run
根据后面的信息找到你想关闭的 jvm。输入下面的命令(假设关闭 2384）：
taskkill /f /pid 2384
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