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怎么配置nginx的反向代理
这篇文章主要讲解了“怎么配置nginx的反向代理”，文中的讲解内容简单清晰，易于学习与理解，下面请大家跟着小编的思路慢慢深入，一起来研究和学习“怎么配置nginx的反向代理”吧！
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tomcat使用了nginx反向代理，获取的服务器路径变成了nginx中配置的内网地址，如果在同一台服务器上，就变成了127.0.0.1或是localhost，而我们需要的是外网地址，这时候我们需要启用转发的请求头配置
如何启用？下面通过查看源码找一下如何解决
很多人都会强调看源码，如果在没有目的的情况下直接看源码比较枯燥，很难坚持（大神略过），不会有太大的收获。如果我们遇到问题，很多时候都是网上一百度，配置项或是代码复制粘贴，然后测试一下没有问题就过了，但是如果网上的信息很少，或者几乎找不到解决办法，这时候，我们查看一下源码，找到对应实现，有时候直接就能发现问题在哪，我认为这种时候就是读源码的最好时机，利用好eclipse或是intellij IDEA的搜索功能，一般都可以找到对应的源码
先来看一下spring boot tomcat源码 TomcatWebServerFactoryCustomizer类
private void customizeRemoteIpValve(ConfigurableTomcatWebServerFactory factory) {
Tomcat tomcatProperties = this.serverProperties.getTomcat();
String protocolHeader = tomcatProperties.getProtocolHeader();
String remoteIpHeader = tomcatProperties.getRemoteIpHeader();
// For back compatibility the valve is also enabled if protocol-header is set
if (StringUtils.hasText(protocolHeader) || StringUtils.hasText(remoteIpHeader)
|| getOrDeduceUseForwardHeaders()) {
RemoteIpValve valve = new RemoteIpValve();
valve.setProtocolHeader(StringUtils.hasLength(protocolHeader) ? protocolHeader
: "X-Forwarded-Proto");
if (StringUtils.hasLength(remoteIpHeader)) {
valve.setRemoteIpHeader(remoteIpHeader);
}
// The internal proxies default to a white list of "safe" internal IP
// addresses
valve.setInternalProxies(tomcatProperties.getInternalProxies());
valve.setPortHeader(tomcatProperties.getPortHeader());
valve.setProtocolHeaderHttpsValue(
tomcatProperties.getProtocolHeaderHttpsValue());
// ... so it's safe to add this valve by default.
factory.addEngineValves(valve);
}
}可以看出，只要protocolHeader和remoteIpHeader任意一项有值就启用了RemoteIpValve
spring boot 对应配置项在Tomcat类里面：
server.use-forward-headers=true server.tomcat.remote-ip-header=x-forwarded-for server.tomcat.protocol-header=X-Forwarded-Proto
获取服务器地址的实现在RemoteIpValve类的invoke方法里面
public void invoke(Request request, Response response) throws IOException, ServletException {
final String originalRemoteAddr = request.getRemoteAddr();
final String originalRemoteHost = request.getRemoteHost();
final String originalScheme = request.getScheme();
final boolean originalSecure = request.isSecure();
final int originalServerPort = request.getServerPort();
final String originalProxiesHeader = request.getHeader(proxiesHeader);
final String originalRemoteIpHeader = request.getHeader(remoteIpHeader);
boolean isInternal = internalProxies != null &&
internalProxies.matcher(originalRemoteAddr).matches();
if (isInternal || (trustedProxies != null &&
trustedProxies.matcher(originalRemoteAddr).matches())) {
String remoteIp = null;
// In java 6, proxiesHeaderValue should be declared as a java.util.Deque
LinkedList proxiesHeaderValue = new LinkedList<>();
StringBuilder concatRemoteIpHeaderValue = new StringBuilder();
for (Enumeration e = request.getHeaders(remoteIpHeader); e.hasMoreElements();) {
if (concatRemoteIpHeaderValue.length() > 0) {
concatRemoteIpHeaderValue.append(", ");
}
concatRemoteIpHeaderValue.append(e.nextElement());
}
String[] remoteIpHeaderValue = commaDelimitedListToStringArray(concatRemoteIpHeaderValue.toString());
int idx;
if (!isInternal) {
proxiesHeaderValue.addFirst(originalRemoteAddr);
}
// loop on remoteIpHeaderValue to find the first trusted remote ip and to build the proxies chain
for (idx = remoteIpHeaderValue.length - 1; idx >= 0; idx--) {
String currentRemoteIp = remoteIpHeaderValue[idx];
remoteIp = currentRemoteIp;
if (internalProxies !=null && internalProxies.matcher(currentRemoteIp).matches()) {
// do nothing, internalProxies IPs are not appended to the
} else if (trustedProxies != null &&
trustedProxies.matcher(currentRemoteIp).matches()) {
proxiesHeaderValue.addFirst(currentRemoteIp);
} else {
idx--; // decrement idx because break statement doesn't do it
break;
}
}
// continue to loop on remoteIpHeaderValue to build the new value of the remoteIpHeader
LinkedList newRemoteIpHeaderValue = new LinkedList<>();
for (; idx >= 0; idx--) {
String currentRemoteIp = remoteIpHeaderValue[idx];
newRemoteIpHeaderValue.addFirst(currentRemoteIp);
}
if (remoteIp != null) {
request.setRemoteAddr(remoteIp);
request.setRemoteHost(remoteIp);
if (proxiesHeaderValue.size() == 0) {
request.getCoyoteRequest().getMimeHeaders().removeHeader(proxiesHeader);
} else {
String commaDelimitedListOfProxies = listToCommaDelimitedString(proxiesHeaderValue);
request.getCoyoteRequest().getMimeHeaders().setValue(proxiesHeader).setString(commaDelimitedListOfProxies);
}
if (newRemoteIpHeaderValue.size() == 0) {
request.getCoyoteRequest().getMimeHeaders().removeHeader(remoteIpHeader);
} else {
String commaDelimitedRemoteIpHeaderValue = listToCommaDelimitedString(newRemoteIpHeaderValue);
request.getCoyoteRequest().getMimeHeaders().setValue(remoteIpHeader).setString(commaDelimitedRemoteIpHeaderValue);
}
}
if (protocolHeader != null) {
String protocolHeaderValue = request.getHeader(protocolHeader);
if (protocolHeaderValue == null) {
// Don't modify the secure, scheme and serverPort attributes
// of the request
} else if (isForwardedProtoHeaderValueSecure(protocolHeaderValue)) {
request.setSecure(true);
request.getCoyoteRequest().scheme().setString("https");
setPorts(request, httpsServerPort);
} else {
request.setSecure(false);
request.getCoyoteRequest().scheme().setString("http");
setPorts(request, httpServerPort);
}
}
if (log.isDebugEnabled()) {
log.debug("Incoming request " + request.getRequestURI() + " with originalRemoteAddr '" + originalRemoteAddr
+ "', originalRemoteHost='" + originalRemoteHost + "', originalSecure='" + originalSecure + "', originalScheme='"
+ originalScheme + "' will be seen as newRemoteAddr='" + request.getRemoteAddr() + "', newRemoteHost='"
+ request.getRemoteHost() + "', newScheme='" + request.getScheme() + "', newSecure='" + request.isSecure() + "'");
}
} else {
if (log.isDebugEnabled()) {
log.debug("Skip RemoteIpValve for request " + request.getRequestURI() + " with originalRemoteAddr '"
+ request.getRemoteAddr() + "'");
}
}
if (requestAttributesEnabled) {
request.setAttribute(AccessLog.REMOTE_ADDR_ATTRIBUTE,
request.getRemoteAddr());
request.setAttribute(Globals.REMOTE_ADDR_ATTRIBUTE,
request.getRemoteAddr());
request.setAttribute(AccessLog.REMOTE_HOST_ATTRIBUTE,
request.getRemoteHost());
request.setAttribute(AccessLog.PROTOCOL_ATTRIBUTE,
request.getProtocol());
request.setAttribute(AccessLog.SERVER_PORT_ATTRIBUTE,
Integer.valueOf(request.getServerPort()));
}
try {
getNext().invoke(request, response);
} finally {
request.setRemoteAddr(originalRemoteAddr);
request.setRemoteHost(originalRemoteHost);
request.setSecure(originalSecure);
request.getCoyoteRequest().scheme().setString(originalScheme);
request.setServerPort(originalServerPort);
MimeHeaders headers = request.getCoyoteRequest().getMimeHeaders();
if (originalProxiesHeader == null || originalProxiesHeader.length() == 0) {
headers.removeHeader(proxiesHeader);
} else {
headers.setValue(proxiesHeader).setString(originalProxiesHeader);
}
if (originalRemoteIpHeader == null || originalRemoteIpHeader.length() == 0) {
headers.removeHeader(remoteIpHeader);
} else {
headers.setValue(remoteIpHeader).setString(originalRemoteIpHeader);
}
}
} 实现在大致过程是如果启用RemoteIpValve，会去获取指定的请求头，更新RemoteAddr和Scheme的值，以及https转的http服务，secure表示是否是https服务
那么就需要在nginx中配置好我们服务的请求地址，也就是host请求头
对应nginx配置项：
proxy_set_header Host $host:$server_port; proxy_set_header X-Real-IP $remote_addr; proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-For $proxy_add_x_forwarded_for; proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-Port $server_port; proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-Proto $scheme;
这样我们在后端服务中直接使用request.getRequestURL()方法就可以获取到我们在nginx中指定的服务器地址了，如果没有使用nginx，就不存在该问题，所以后端服务不需要考虑服务是否使用了反向代理
感谢各位的阅读，以上就是“怎么配置nginx的反向代理”的内容了，经过本文的学习后，相信大家对怎么配置nginx的反向代理这一问题有了更深刻的体会，具体使用情况还需要大家实践验证。这里是创新互联，小编将为大家推送更多相关知识点的文章，欢迎关注！
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