Linux下误删文件应急恢复

维护中难免遇到状态不好的时候或者新人操作不当，一个rm –f *删除了大量的文件，导致生产重大故障，这个时候我们需要考虑文件恢复，为了能够应对这种情况，在这里讨论一个网上常用的恢复工具：extundelete，该工具支持ext3或者ext4.

1 安装

首先安装好准备包：

[root@redhat1 home]# yum install e2fs* --安装extundelete软件的依赖包

[root@redhat1 home]# rpm -aq |grep e2fs --检查软件包是否安装

e2fsprogs-devel-1.41.12-14.el6.i686

e2fsprogs-libs-1.41.12-14.el6.i686

e2fsprogs-1.41.12-14.el6.i686

确认gcc编译工具齐全

gcc+

开始安装

tar xvf extundelete-0.2.4.tar.bz2

. /configure

make

make install

2 使用方法

root@localhost bin]# ./extundelete

No action specified; implying --superblock.

./extundelete: Missing device name.

Usage: ./extundelete [options] [--] device-file

Options:

--version, -[vV] Print version and exit successfully.

--help, Print this help and exit successfully.

--superblock Print contents of superblock in addition to the rest.

If no action is specified then this option is implied.

--journal Show content of journal.

--after dtime Only process entries deleted on or after 'dtime'.根据时间点恢复之后的文件。

--before dtime Only process entries deleted before 'dtime'.根据时间点恢复之前的。

Actions:

--inode ino Show info on inode 'ino'.

--block blk Show info on block 'blk'.

--restore-inode ino[,ino,...]

Restore the file(s) with known inode number 'ino'.

The restored files are created in ./RECOVERED_FILES

with their inode number as extension (ie, file.12345).

--restore-file 'path' Will restore file 'path'. 'path' is relative to root

of the partition and does not start with a '/'

The restored file is created in the current

directory as 'RECOVERED_FILES/path'.

--restore-files 'path' Will restore files which are listed in the file 'path'.

Each filename should be in the same format as an option

to --restore-file, and there should be one per line.

--restore-directory 'path'

Will restore directory 'path'. 'path' is relative to the

root directory of the file system. The restored

directory is created in the output directory as 'path'.

--restore-all Attempts to restore everything.

-j journal Reads an external journal from the named file.

-b blocknumber Uses the backup superblock at blocknumber when opening

the file system.

-B blocksize Uses blocksize as the block size when opening the file

system. The number should be the number of bytes.

--log 0 Make the program silent.

--log filename Logs all messages to filename.

--log D1=0,D2=filename Custom control of log messages with comma-separated

Examples below: list of options. Dn must be one of info, warn, or

--log info,error error. Omission of the '=name' results in messages

--log warn=0 with the specified level to be logged to the console.

--log error=filename If the parameter is '=0', logging for the specified

level will be turned off. If the parameter is

'=filename', messages with that level will be written

to filename.

-o directory Save the recovered files to the named directory.

The restored files are created in a directory

named 'RECOVERED_FILES/' by default.

./extundelete: Error parsing command-line options.

3 实验恢复

创建目录

/boot/test

创建测试文件

[root@localhost test]# ls -rlt

total 12

-rw-r--r--. 1 root root 21 Oct 9 17:11 1111111111111112.txt

-rw-r--r--. 1 root root 13 Oct 9 17:11 1111111111111111.txt

-rw-r--r--. 1 root root 24 Oct 9 17:11 1111111111111113.txt

删除文件

rm –rf *

4 恢复

cd /usr/local/bin/

查看可恢复的文件和目录。

./extundelete /dev/sda1 --ls --inode 2

直接恢复文件到当前目录。

./extundelete /dev/sda1 --restore-all

查看当前目录：RECOVERED_FILES 就可以看到删除的文件。

直接恢复指定的文件

./extundelete /dev/sda1 --restore-file vmlinuz-2.6.32-642.el6.x86_64

直接恢复制定的文件夹

./extundelete /dev/sda1 --restore-directory test

网上可参考学习

https://my.oschina.net/fufangchun/blog/176550

网站题目：Linux下误删文件应急恢复
URL链接：http://cqcxhl.cn/article/igiepg.html

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Linux下误删文件应急恢复

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