如何搭建本地和网络yum源？

1、自建yum仓库，分别为网络源和本地源

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1）挂载光盘镜像

[root@centos7 ~]# mount /dev/sr0 /mnt/ 

[root@centos7 ~]# df -h

Filesystem               Size  Used Avail Use% Mounted on

/dev/mapper/centos-root   60G  5.2G   55G   9% /

devtmpfs                 983M     0  983M   0% /dev

tmpfs                   1000M     0 1000M   0% /dev/shm

tmpfs                   1000M   75M  926M   8% /run

tmpfs                   1000M     0 1000M   0% /sys/fs/cgroup

/dev/sda1               1014M  166M  849M  17% /boot

tmpfs                    200M   52K  200M   1% /run/user/1008

/dev/sr0                  11G   11G     0 100% /mnt

tmpfs                    200M     0  200M   0% /run/user/0

2)搭建本地源

[root@centos7 yum.repos.d]# cat > local.repo <

> [local]

> name=centos7.6

> baseurl=file:///mnt

> enabled=1

> gpgcheck=0

> EOF

3）安装httpd并搭建网络yum源

[root@centos7 yum.repos.d]# yum install httpd -y    #安装成功代表本地源生效

[root@centos7 html]# cd /var/www/html

[root@centos7 html]# ln -s /mnt centos7.6

[root@centos7 html]# ls centos7.6/

CentOS_BuildTag  GPL       LiveOS    RPM-GPG-KEY-CentOS-7

EFI              images    Packages  RPM-GPG-KEY-CentOS-Testing-7

EULA             isolinux  repodata  TRANS.TBL

4）验证网络yum源（在另外一台centos7上验证）

配置使用网络yum源：

[root@jumpserver yum.repos.d]# cat local.repo

[local]                                                                               

name=centos7.6

baseurl=http://网络yum源的ip/centos7.6

enabled=1

gpgcheck=0

[root@jumpserver yum.repos.d]#

安装httpd成功代表网络yum源可用

[root@jumpserver yum.repos.d]# yum install httpd -y
2、编译安装http2.4，实现可以正常访问，并将编译步骤和结果提交。

1）解压

[root@centos7 bin]# rpm -qi httpd

package httpd is not installed

[root@centos7 src]# tar -xf httpd-2.4.41.tar.gz

2）Configure

[root@centos7 src]# cd httpd-2.4.41/

[root@centos7 httpd-2.4.41]# ./configure

checking for chosen layout... Apache

checking for working mkdir -p... yes

checking for grep that handles long lines and -e... /usr/bin/grep

checking for egrep... /usr/bin/grep -E

checking build system type... x86_64-pc-linux-gnu

checking host system type... x86_64-pc-linux-gnu

checking target system type... x86_64-pc-linux-gnu

configure:

configure: Configuring Apache Portable Runtime library...

configure:

checking for APR... no

configure: error: APR not found.  Please read the documentation. 

安装缺少的依赖包：

[root@centos7 httpd-2.4.41]# yum install apr* pcre* -y

[root@centos7 src]# cd httpd-2.4.41/

3）编译

[root@centos7 httpd-2.4.41]# make

4）安装

[root@centos7 httpd-2.4.41]# make install

5）启动并验证

[root@centos7 bin]# pwd

/usr/local/apache2/bin

[root@centos7 bin]# ./apachectl -k start

[root@centos7 bin]# ps aux |grep apache

root     14751  0.0  0.1 103732  2728 ?        Ss   18:34   0:00 /usr/local/apache2/bin/httpd -k start

daemon   14754  0.0  0.1 392644  2416 ?        Sl   18:34   0:00 /usr/local/apache2/bin/httpd -k start

daemon   14755  0.0  0.1 392644  2424 ?        Sl   18:34   0:00 /usr/local/apache2/bin/httpd -k start

daemon   14756  0.0  0.1 458180  2424 ?        Sl   18:34   0:00 /usr/local/apache2/bin/httpd -k start

[root@centos7 bin]# curl localhost

It works!

[root@centos7 bin]#

3、创建一个2G的文件系统，块大小为2048byte，预留1%可用空间,文件系统 ext4，卷标为TEST，要求此分区开机后自动挂载至/test目录，且默认有acl挂载选项

1)为虚拟机添加一块硬盘并让系统马上识别硬盘

[root@centos7 ~]# echo "- - -" > /sys/class/scsi_host/host0/scan

[root@centos7 ~]# fdisk -l

Disk /dev/sda: 107.4 GB, 107374182400 bytes, 209715200 sectors

Units = sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes

Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes

I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes

Disk label type: dos

Disk identifier: 0x0003e74f

   Device Boot      Start         End      Blocks   Id  System

/dev/sda1   *        2048     2099199     1048576   83  Linux

/dev/sda2         2099200   136333311    67117056   8e  Linux LVM

Disk /dev/mapper/centos-root: 64.4 GB, 64424509440 bytes, 125829120 sectors

Units = sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes

Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes

I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes

Disk /dev/mapper/centos-swap: 4294 MB, 4294967296 bytes, 8388608 sectors

Units = sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes

Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes

I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes

Disk /dev/sdb: 53.7 GB, 53687091200 bytes, 104857600 sectors

Units = sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes

Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes

I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes

2）创建一个2G的分区

[root@centos7 ~]# fdisk /dev/sdb

Welcome to fdisk (util-linux 2.23.2).

Changes will remain in memory only, until you decide to write them.

Be careful before using the write command.

Device does not contain a recognized partition table

Building a new DOS disklabel with disk identifier 0xfbaa7750.

Command (m for help): n

Partition type:

   p   primary (0 primary, 0 extended, 4 free)

   e   extended

Select (default p): p

Partition number (1-4, default 1): 1

First sector (2048-104857599, default 2048):

Using default value 2048

Last sector, +sectors or +size{K,M,G} (2048-104857599, default 104857599): +2G

Partition 1 of type Linux and of size 2 GiB is set

Command (m for help): w

The partition table has been altered!

Calling ioctl() to re-read partition table.

Syncing disks.

3)按要求创建分区并挂载

[root@centos7 ~]# mke2fs -t ext4 -b 2048 -L 'TEST' -m 1 /dev/sdb1

[root@centos7 ~]# echo "/dev/sdb1 /test ext4 acl 0 0" >> /etc/fstab

[root@centos7 ~]#mkdir /test

[root@centos7 ~]#mount -a
4、创建一个至少有两个PV组成的大小为20G的名为testvg的VG;要求PE大小为16MB, 而后在卷组中创建大小为5G的逻辑卷testlv;挂载至/users目录1) 创建2个10G大小的分区

[root@centos7 ~]# fdisk /dev/sdb

Welcome to fdisk (util-linux 2.23.2).

Changes will remain in memory only, until you decide to write them.

Be careful before using the write command.

Command (m for help): p

Disk /dev/sdb: 53.7 GB, 53687091200 bytes, 104857600 sectors

Units = sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes

Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes

I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes

Disk label type: dos

Disk identifier: 0xfbaa7750

Device Boot      Start         End      Blocks   Id  System

/dev/sdb1         2048          4196351     2097152   83  Linux

Command (m for help): n

Partition type:

   p   primary (1 primary, 0 extended, 3 free)

   e   extended

Select (default p): p

Partition number (2-4, default 2):

First sector (4196352-104857599, default 4196352):

Using default value 4196352

Last sector, +sectors or +size{K,M,G} (4196352-104857599, default 104857599): +10G

Partition 2 of type Linux and of size 10 GiB is set

Command (m for help): p

Disk /dev/sdb: 53.7 GB, 53687091200 bytes, 104857600 sectors

Units = sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes

Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes

I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes

Disk label type: dos

Disk identifier: 0xfbaa7750

Device Boot      Start         End      Blocks   Id  System

/dev/sdb1         2048          4196351     2097152   83  Linux

/dev/sdb2        4196352         25167871    10485760   83  Linux

Command (m for help): n

Partition type:

   p   primary (2 primary, 0 extended, 2 free)

   e   extended

Select (default p): p

Partition number (3,4, default 3):

First sector (25167872-104857599, default 25167872):

Using default value 25167872

Last sector, +sectors or +size{K,M,G} (25167872-104857599, default 104857599): +10G

Partition 3 of type Linux and of size 10 GiB is set

Command (m for help): p

Disk /dev/sdb: 53.7 GB, 53687091200 bytes, 104857600 sectors

Units = sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes

Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes

I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes

Disk label type: dos

Disk identifier: 0xfbaa7750

   Device Boot      Start         End      Blocks   Id  System

/dev/sdb1            2048     4196351     2097152   83  Linux

/dev/sdb2         4196352    25167871    10485760   83  Linux

/dev/sdb3        25167872    46139391    10485760   83  Linux

Command (m for help): w

The partition table has been altered!

Calling ioctl() to re-read partition table.

Syncing disks.

[root@centos7 ~]#

2）创建pv

[root@centos7 ~]# pvcreate /dev/sdb2 /dev/sdb3

  Physical volume "/dev/sdb2" successfully created.

  Physical volume "/dev/sdb3" successfully created.

[root@centos7 ~]#

3）创建逻辑卷组

[root@centos7 ~]# vgcreate -s 16MB testvg /dev/sdb2 /dev/sdb3

 Volume group "testvg" successfully created

[root@centos7 ~]# vgdisplay testvg

  --- Volume group ---

  VG Name               testvg

  System ID            

  Format                lvm2

  Metadata Areas        2

  Metadata Sequence No  1

  VG Access             read/write

  VG Status             resizable

  MAX LV                0

  Cur LV                0

  Open LV               0

  Max PV                0

  Cur PV                2

  Act PV                2

  VG Size               <19.97 GiB

  PE Size               16.00 MiB

  Total PE              1278

  Alloc PE / Size       0 / 0  

  Free  PE / Size       1278 / <19.97 GiB

  VG UUID               0fGU0o-XJGc-TKQD-2G2G-bL3I-bO7I-3sV4Y0

[root@centos7 ~]#

4）创建大小为5G的逻辑卷testlv；挂载至/users目录

[root@centos7 ~]# lvcreate -L 5G -n testlv testvg

  Logical volume "testlv" created.

[root@centos7 ~]# lvdisplay testvg

  --- Logical volume ---

  LV Path                /dev/testvg/testlv

  LV Name                testlv

  VG Name                testvg

  LV UUID                Onl32p-WxHz-TcX3-EBzf-plNB-I01E-sPCuev

  LV Write Access        read/write

  LV Creation host, time centos7.6, 2020-03-08 21:10:12 +0800

  LV Status              available

  # open                 0

  LV Size                5.00 GiB

  Current LE             320

  Segments               1

  Allocation             inherit

  Read ahead sectors     auto

  - currently set to     256

  Block device           253:2

[root@centos7 ~]# mkdir /users

[root@centos7 ~]# mkfs.xfs /dev/mapper/testvg-testlv

meta-data=/dev/mapper/testvg-testlv isize=512    agcount=4, agsize=327680 blks

         =                       sectsz=512   attr=2, projid32bit=1

         =                       crc=1        finobt=0, sparse=0

data     =                       bsize=4096   blocks=1310720, imaxpct=25

         =                       sunit=0      swidth=0 blks

naming   =version 2              bsize=4096   ascii-ci=0 ftype=1

log      =internal log           bsize=4096   blocks=2560, version=2

         =                       sectsz=512   sunit=0 blks, lazy-count=1

realtime =none                   extsz=4096   blocks=0, rtextents=0

[root@centos7 ~]# mount /dev/mapper/testvg-testlv /users

[root@centos7 ~]# df -h

Filesystem                 Size  Used Avail Use% Mounted on

/dev/mapper/centos-root     60G  5.4G   55G   9% /

devtmpfs                   983M     0  983M   0% /dev

tmpfs                     1000M     0 1000M   0% /dev/shm

tmpfs                     1000M   74M  926M   8% /run

tmpfs                     1000M     0 1000M   0% /sys/fs/cgroup

/dev/sda1                 1014M  166M  849M  17% /boot

tmpfs                      200M     0  200M   0% /run/user/0

/dev/sr0                    11G   11G     0 100% /mnt

/dev/mapper/testvg-testlv  5.0G   33M  5.0G   1% /users

[root@centos7 ~]#