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Ubuntu如何搭建完全分布式

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环境说明

本文使用vmware® workstation 12 pro虚拟机创建并安装三台ubuntu16.04系统分别命名为master、slave1、slave2对应对应namenode、datanode、datanode。

安装过程中要求三个系统中配置基本相同除个别配置(比如:节点的命名)

192.168.190.128 master

192.168.190.129 slave1

192.168.190.131 slave2

在虚拟机linux上安装与配置hadoop

需要说明的是下面的所有配置三台ubuntu系统都要配置而且是基本一样,为了使配置一致,先在一台机器上配置然后将对应配置scp到其他机器上

虚拟机的安装不是本文重点,这里就不赘述了。安装之后是这样的:

Ubuntu如何搭建完全分布式

在linux上安装hadoop之前,需要安装两个程序:

1)jdk1.6(或更高版本),本文采用jdk 1.7。hadoop是java编写的程序,hadoop的编译及mapreduce都需要使用jdk。因此,在安装hadoop前,必须安装jdk1.6或更高版本。

2)ssh(安装外壳协议),推荐安装openssh.hadoop需要通过ssh来启动slave列表中各台机器的守护进程,因此ssh也是必须安装的,即使是安装伪分布版本(因为hadoop并没有区分集群式和伪分布式)。对于伪分布式,hadoop会采用与集群相同处理方式,即按次序启动文件conf/slaves中记载的主机上的进程,只不过在伪分布式中slave为localhost(即本身),所以对于伪分布式hadoop,ssh也是一样必须的。

部署步骤

添加一个hadoop用户,并赋予相应权利,我们接下来hadoop hbase的安装都要在hadoop用户下操作,所以hadoop用户要将hadoop的文件权限以及文件所有者赋予给hadoop用户。

1.每个虚拟机系统上都添加 hadoop 用户,并添加到 sudoers

sudo adduser hadoop
sudo gedit /etc/sudoers

找到对应添加如下:

# user privilege specification
root  all=(all:all) all
hadoop all=(all:all) all

2.切换到 hadoop 用户:

su hadoop

3.修改 /etc/hostname 主机名为 master

当然master虚拟机设置为master

其他两个虚拟机分别设置为slave1、slave2

4.、修改 /etc/hosts

127.0.0.1 localhost
127.0.1.1  localhost.localdomain  localhost
192.168.190.128 master
192.168.190.129 slave1
192.168.190.131 slave2
# the following lines are desirable for ipv6 capable hosts
::1   ip6-localhost ip6-loopback
fe00::0 ip6-localnet
ff00::0 ip6-mcastprefix
ff02::1 ip6-allnodes
ff02::2 ip6-allrouters

5.安装jdk 1.7

(1)下载和安装jdk 1.7

jdk-7u76-linux-x64.tar.gz

使用tar命令

tar -zxvf jdk-7u76-linux-x64.tar.gz

将安装文件移动到jdk安装目录,本文jdk的安装目录为/usr/lib/jvm/jdk1.7.0_76

(2)配置环境变量

输入命令:

sudo gedit /etc/profile

输入密码,打开profile文件。在最下面输入如下内容:

#set java environment
export java_home=/usr/lib/jvm/jdk1.7.0_76
export jre_home=${java_home}/jre 
export classpath=.:${java_home}/lib:${jre_home}/lib 
export path=${java_home}/bin:/home/hadoop/hadoop-2.7.1/bin:/home/hadoop/hadoop-2.7.1/sbin:/home/hadoop/hbase-1.2.4/bin:$path

需要说明的是可能profile文件当前权限是只读的,需要使用

sudo chmod 777 /etc/profile

命令修改文件读写权限。文件中已经包含了hadoop以及hbase的环境配置。

这一步的意义是配置环境变量,使系统可以找到jdk。

(4)验证jdk是否安装成功

输入命令:

java -version

会出现如下jdk版本信息:

java version "1.7.0_76"
java(tm) se runtime environment (build 1.7.0_76-b13)
java hotspot(tm) 64-bit server vm (build 24.76-b04, mixed mode)

如果出现上述jdk版本信息说明当前安装jdk并未设置成ubuntu系统默认的jdk,接下来还需要手动将安装的jdk设置成系统默认的jdk。

(5)手动设置系统默认jdk

在终端依次输入命令:

sudo update-alternatives --install /usr/bin/java java /usr/lib/jvm/jdk1.7.0_76/bin/java 300
sudo update-alternatives --install /usr/bin/javac javac /usr/lib/jvm/jdk1.7.0_76/bin/javac 300
sudo update-alternatives --config java

接下来输入java -version就可以看到所安装的jdk的版本信息了。

三台虚拟机都要安装vmware tools工具方便复制粘贴

6.配置ssh免密码登录

(1)确认已经连上互联网,然后输入命令:

sudo apt-get install ssh

(2)配置 master、slave1 和 slave2 节点可以通过 ssh 无密码互相访问

注意这里的所有操作都是在hadoop用户下操作的。

首先,查看下hadoop用户下是否存在.ssh文件夹(注意ssh文件前面有”.”这是一个隐藏文件夹),输入命令:

ls -a -l

可以得到

drwxr-xr-x 9 root  root 4096 feb 1 02:41 .
drwxr-xr-x 4 root  root 4096 jan 27 01:50 ..
drwx------ 3 root  root 4096 jan 31 03:35 .cache
drwxr-xr-x 5 root  root 4096 jan 31 03:35 .config
drwxrwxrwx 11 hadoop root 4096 feb 1 00:18 hadoop-2.7.1
drwxrwxrwx 8 hadoop root 4096 feb 1 02:47 hbase-1.2.4
drwxr-xr-x 3 root  root 4096 jan 31 03:35 .local
drwxr-xr-x 2 root  root 4096 jan 31 14:47 software
drwxr-xr-x 2 hadoop root 4096 feb 1 00:01 .ssh

一般来说,安装ssh时会自动在当前用户下创建这个隐藏文件夹,如果没有,可以手动创建一个。

sudo mkdir .ssh

注意这里的.ssh要是hadoop权限拥有,如果是root的话,使用下面命令:

sudo chown -r hadoop .ssh

接下来,输入命令:

ssh-keygen -t rsa

如果没有权限前面加一个sudo.

执行完可以看到一个图标并在.ssh文件下创建两个文件:id_rsa和id_rsa.pub

 cat ~/ssh/id_rsa.pub >> ~/ssh/authorized_keys

在ubuntu中,~代表单前用户文件夹,此处即/home/hadoop。

这表命令的功能是把公钥加到用于认证的公钥文件中,这里的authorized_keys是用于认证的公钥文件。

然后使用命令:

sudo gedit authorized_keys

打开对应虚拟机生成的密码,如master主机的hadoop用户生成了,将其他主机生成的秘钥添加到master主机的authorized_keys文件的末尾,这样master主机就拥有slave1的hadoop用户以及slave2的hadoop用户的秘钥了。
如下:

不要复制我的,复制我的没用,我这里只是实例一下,复制你自己的三台虚拟机各自生成的秘钥

ssh-rsa aaaab3nzac1yc2eaaaadaqabaaabaqc743ocp2voa3dehbka+n7cyjc4jv2tj8z6tgvwcxg0njl3ykwyifgc9riyfyrwcl5byi34oe7dytf+9utvh85hca1/idp1m02nlpxsijmcps4ungmlfswg/f/c3bqut7i4t6ehwo/frhjeibu5o/9ghoxk/ykhgjibyh8hhalcke6jtt80i63r2+3dnlhlnzw1sqrjp2qfrgyv61j5dfuyrhfd+/etkftxc7izlvckc7x6hmo4qimq0gbsx9iqto0to1skgylhcx3cbo3hf4i19rukt168eg/x2l1qivf+vgxqudm3lza9/pxdiek5p8c8xupcaor67jmflwll3eub hadoop@master
ssh-rsa aaaab3nzac1yc2eaaaadaqabaaabaqdq1jf6ds9y+klqnihq+pdgxm1osf+rsxcglddlzw+qgk7nt28brk6qucm3kjqa/ekekqdhdwegtiqvriosy4a2fabkrsjiornc4qyq/rqb06juvshwtob91qwmv/j/o3mgsentjlfmbupsyw8rrxqv+tytqq+gipl7x0wgubrqyrhjjzkaxqglge3md/siyjn8ge4g31rrtcx9qdvcftcthkvqca0b0f98y+u9fu6w4ari28olxftlzucsebipmze4uwquxt+2kmz0hunpejsdrlkrfqo1okus0pezruvrmyby5flt4tnv0xoqbyclzxieev/ppgh8aeb4qs/zxb25 hadoop@slave1
ssh-rsa aaaab3nzac1yc2eaaaadaqabaaabaqdi8ppgxt94saetuhvt2jmlo4ed11r1wlon1eha5vi3qqm7cgt4ys7lvxl53dc5g7r0n4jwsf2htvd9jf77veixp5g3xqga7hafbimzqupucyahqy+v0rtepabungkfz0ukv+nq8bzjfsuv4hgrorw7yzqaa0ljevhii8uvza7dcz6ba1on/tlkvvzz3mdzulcn7+azjtptg8hpqaelqqws1uuiyiuanosqfpcadart/pjpazgkqek0lbrsvi+u+p0osrz9ax3wvouqknheinm4tmuo3tgyionjev1jqrocxbbzaeqllwnpa0yzbl/zmnjhkesitypmgzwszh3ylc8p hadoop@slave2

至此免密码登录主机已配置完毕。

(3)验证ssh是否已安装成功,以及是否可以免密码登录主机。

输入命令:

ssh -v

显示结果:

openssh_7.2p2 ubuntu-4ubuntu2.1, openssl 1.0.2g 1 mar 2016

输入命令:

ssh localhost

会有如下显示:

welcome to ubuntu 16.04 lts (gnu/linux 4.4.0-21-generic x86_64)

 * documentation: https://help.ubuntu.com/

458 packages can be updated.
171 updates are security updates.


the programs included with the ubuntu system are free software;
the exact distribution terms for each program are described in the
individual files in /usr/share/doc/*/copyright.

ubuntu comes with absolutely no warranty, to the extent permitted by
applicable law.


the programs included with the ubuntu system are free software;
the exact distribution terms for each program are described in the
individual files in /usr/share/doc/*/copyright.

ubuntu comes with absolutely no warranty, to the extent permitted by
applicable law.

last login: wed feb 1 00:02:53 2017 from 127.0.0.1
to run a command as administrator (user "root"), use "sudo ".
see "man sudo_root" for details.

这说明已经安装成功,第一次登录会询问是否继续链接,输入yes即可以进入。

实际上,在hadoop的安装过程中,是否免密码登录是无关紧要的,但是如果不配置免密码登录,每次启动hadoop都需要输入密码以登录到每台机器的datanode上,考虑到一般的hadoop集群动辄数百或者上千台机器,因此一般来说都会配置ssh免密码登录。

master 节点无密码访问 slave1 和 slave2 节点:

ssh slave1

运行结果:

welcome to ubuntu 16.04 lts (gnu/linux 4.4.0-59-generic x86_64)

 * documentation: https://help.ubuntu.com/

312 packages can be updated.
10 updates are security updates.


the programs included with the ubuntu system are free software;
the exact distribution terms for each program are described in the
individual files in /usr/share/doc/*/copyright.

ubuntu comes with absolutely no warranty, to the extent permitted by
applicable law.


the programs included with the ubuntu system are free software;
the exact distribution terms for each program are described in the
individual files in /usr/share/doc/*/copyright.

ubuntu comes with absolutely no warranty, to the extent permitted by
applicable law.

last login: wed feb 1 00:03:30 2017 from 192.168.190.131

不需要密码,需要密码说明没有配置成功,看看是不是哪步出现了问题。

安装并运行hadoop

介绍hadoop的安装之前,先介绍一下hadoop对各个节点的角色定义。

hadoop分别从三个角度将主机划分为两种角色。第一,最基本的划分为master和slave,即主人和奴隶;第二,从hdfs的角度,将主机划分为namenode和datanode(在分布式文件系统中,目录的管理很重要,管理目录相当于主任,而namenode就是目录管理者);第三,从mapreduce角度,将主机划分为jobtracker和tasktracker(一个job经常被划分为多个task,从这个角度不难理解它们之间的关系)。

hadoop有三种运行方式:单机模式、伪分布与完全分布式。乍看之下,前两种并不能体现云计算的优势,但是它们便于程序的测试与调试,所以还是有意义的。

我的博客中有介绍单机模式和伪分布式方式这里就不赘述,本文主要着重介绍分布式方式配置。

(1)hadoop 用户目录下解压下载的hadoop-2.7.1.tar.gz

使用解压命令:

tar -zxvf hadoop-2.7.1.tar.gz

注意一下操作都是在hadoop用户下操作的也就是hadoop-2.7.1的所有者是hadoop.如下所示:

total 120
drwxr-xr-x 19 hadoop hadoop 4096 feb 1 02:28 .
drwxr-xr-x 4 root  root  4096 jan 31 14:24 ..
-rw------- 1 hadoop hadoop 1297 feb 1 03:37 .bash_history
-rw-r--r-- 1 hadoop hadoop 220 jan 31 14:24 .bash_logout
-rw-r--r-- 1 hadoop hadoop 3771 jan 31 14:24 .bashrc
drwx------ 3 root  root  4096 jan 31 22:49 .cache
drwx------ 5 root  root  4096 jan 31 23:59 .config
drwx------ 3 root  root  4096 jan 31 23:59 .dbus
drwxr-xr-x 2 hadoop hadoop 4096 feb 1 00:55 desktop
-rw-r--r-- 1 hadoop hadoop  25 feb 1 00:55 .dmrc
drwxr-xr-x 2 hadoop hadoop 4096 feb 1 00:55 documents
drwxr-xr-x 2 hadoop hadoop 4096 feb 1 00:55 downloads
-rw-r--r-- 1 hadoop hadoop 8980 jan 31 14:24 examples.desktop
drwx------ 2 hadoop hadoop 4096 feb 1 00:56 .gconf
drwx------ 3 hadoop hadoop 4096 feb 1 00:55 .gnupg
drwxrwxrwx 11 hadoop hadoop 4096 feb 1 00:30 hadoop-2.7.1
drwxrwxrwx 8 hadoop hadoop 4096 feb 1 02:44 hbase-1.2.4
-rw------- 1 hadoop hadoop 318 feb 1 00:56 .iceauthority
drwxr-xr-x 3 root  root  4096 jan 31 22:49 .local
drwxr-xr-x 2 hadoop hadoop 4096 feb 1 00:55 music
drwxr-xr-x 2 hadoop hadoop 4096 feb 1 00:55 pictures
-rw-r--r-- 1 hadoop hadoop 675 jan 31 14:24 .profile
drwxr-xr-x 2 hadoop hadoop 4096 feb 1 00:55 public
drwx------ 2 hadoop hadoop 4096 feb 1 00:02 .ssh
drwxr-xr-x 2 hadoop hadoop 4096 feb 1 00:55 templates
drwxr-xr-x 2 hadoop hadoop 4096 feb 1 00:55 videos
-rw------- 1 hadoop hadoop  51 feb 1 00:55 .xauthority
-rw------- 1 hadoop hadoop 1492 feb 1 00:58 .xsession-errors

(2)配置 hadoop 的环境变量

sudo gedit /etc/profile

配置如下:

#set java environment
export java_home=/usr/lib/jvm/jdk1.7.0_76
export jre_home=${java_home}/jre 
export classpath=.:${java_home}/lib:${jre_home}/lib 
export path=${java_home}/bin:/home/hadoop/hadoop-2.7.1/bin:/home/hadoop/hadoop-2.7.1/sbin:/home/hadoop/hbase-1.2.4/bin:$path

(3)配置三台主机的hadoop文件,内容如下。

conf/hadoop-env.sh:

/home/master/hadoop-2.7.1/etc/hadoop

首先如何找到这个文件呢,使用ubuntu的搜索工具如图所示:

这里写图片描述

Ubuntu如何搭建完全分布式

# the java implementation to use.
export java_home=/usr/lib/jvm/jdk1.7.0_76
export hadoop_home=/home/master/hadoop-2.7.1
export path=$path:/home/master/hadoop-2.7.1/bin

conf/core-site.xml

/home/master/hadoop-2.7.1/etc/hadoop









 fs.default.name
 hdfs://master:9000


 hadoop.tmp.dir
 /tmp

conf/hdfs-site.xml

/home/master/hadoop-2.7.1/etc/hadoop









  dfs.replication
  2

conf/mapred-site.xml

/home/master/hadoop-2.7.1/etc/hadoop

搜索发现没有这个文件需要复制mapred-site.xml.template这个文件的内容到mapred-site.xml

cp mapred-site.xml.template mapred-site.xml

配置如下:








 
  mapred.job.tracker
  master:9001
 

conf/masters

/home/master/hadoop-2.7.1/etc/hadoop

没有手动添加一个master文件

配置如下:

master

conf/slaves:

slave1
slave2

(4) 向 slave1 和 slave2 节点复制 hadoop2.7.1 整个目录至相同的位置

进入hadoop@master节点hadoop目录下使用

scp -r hadoop-2.7.1 hadoop@slave1:~/
scp -r hadoop-2.7.1 hadoop@slave2:~/

(5)启动hadoop

在hadoop@master节点上执行

hadoop@master:~$ hadoop namenode -format

如果提示:

hadoop: command not found

需要source一下环境变量文件

source /etc/profile

执行结果如下:

hadoop@master:~$ hadoop namenode -format
deprecated: use of this script to execute hdfs command is deprecated.
instead use the hdfs command for it.

17/02/02 02:59:44 info namenode.namenode: startup_msg: 
/************************************************************
startup_msg: starting namenode
startup_msg:  host = master/192.168.190.128
startup_msg:  args = [-format]
startup_msg:  version = 2.7.1
startup_msg:  classpath = /home/hadoop/hadoop-2.7.1/etc/hadoop:/home/hadoop/hadoop-2.7.1/share/hadoop/common/lib/log4j-1.2.17.jar:/home/hadoop/hadoop-2.7.1/share/hadoop/common/lib/jsr305-3.0.0.jar:/home/hadoop/hadoop-2.7.1/share/hadoop/common/lib/apacheds-i18n-2.0.0-m15.jar:/home/hadoop/hadoop-2.7.1/share/hadoop/common/lib/commons-cli-1.2.jar:/home/hadoop/hadoop-2.7.1/share/hadoop/common/lib/jaxb-impl-2.2.3-1.jar:/home/hadoop/hadoop-2.7.1/share/hadoop/common/lib/commons-beanutils-1.7.0.jar:/home/hadoop/hadoop-2.7.1/share/hadoop/common/lib/asm-3.2.jar:/home/hadoop/hadoop-2.7.1/share/hadoop/common/lib/jaxb-api-2.2.2.jar:/home/hadoop/hadoop-2.7.1/share/hadoop/common/lib/java-xmlbuilder-0.4.jar:/home/hadoop/hadoop-2.7.1/share/hadoop/common/lib/commons-net-3.1.jar:/home/hadoop/hadoop-2.7.1/share/hadoop/common/lib/commons-io-2.4.jar:/home/hadoop/hadoop-2.7.1/share/hadoop/common/lib/servlet-api-2.5.jar:/home/hadoop/hadoop-2.7.1/share/hadoop/common/lib/protobuf-java-2.5.0.jar:/home/hadoop/hadoop-2.7.1/share/hadoop/common/lib/netty-3.6.2.final.jar:/home/hadoop/hadoop-2.7.1/share/hadoop/common/lib/curator-recipes-2.7.1.jar:/home/hadoop/hadoop-2.7.1/share/hadoop/common/lib/jetty-util-6.1.26.jar:/home/hadoop/hadoop-2.7.1/share/hadoop/common/lib/slf4j-api-1.7.10.jar:/home/hadoop/hadoop-2.7.1/share/hadoop/common/lib/jackson-core-asl-1.9.13.jar:/home/hadoop/hadoop-2.7.1/share/hadoop/common/lib/commons-configuration-1.6.jar:/home/hadoop/hadoop-2.7.1/share/hadoop/common/lib/htrace-core-3.1.0-incubating.jar:/home/hadoop/hadoop-2.7.1/share/hadoop/common/lib/activation-1.1.jar:/home/hadoop/hadoop-2.7.1/share/hadoop/common/lib/paranamer-2.3.jar:/home/hadoop/hadoop-2.7.1/share/hadoop/common/lib/commons-digester-1.8.jar:/home/hadoop/hadoop-2.7.1/share/hadoop/common/lib/jettison-1.1.jar:/home/hadoop/hadoop-2.7.1/share/hadoop/common/lib/jetty-6.1.26.jar:/home/hadoop/hadoop-2.7.1/share/hadoop/common/lib/hamcrest-core-1.3.jar:/home/hadoop/hadoop-2.7.1/share/hadoop/common/lib/commons-lang-2.6.jar:/home/hadoop/hadoop-2.7.1/share/hadoop/common/lib/hadoop-auth-2.7.1.jar:/home/hadoop/hadoop-2.7.1/share/hadoop/common/lib/avro-1.7.4.jar:/home/hadoop/hadoop-2.7.1/share/hadoop/common/lib/api-util-1.0.0-m20.jar:/home/hadoop/hadoop-2.7.1/share/hadoop/common/lib/guava-11.0.2.jar:/home/hadoop/hadoop-2.7.1/share/hadoop/common/lib/jsch-0.1.42.jar:/home/hadoop/hadoop-2.7.1/share/hadoop/common/lib/gson-2.2.4.jar:/home/hadoop/hadoop-2.7.1/share/hadoop/common/lib/apacheds-kerberos-codec-2.0.0-m15.jar:/home/hadoop/hadoop-2.7.1/share/hadoop/common/lib/snappy-java-1.0.4.1.jar:/home/hadoop/hadoop-2.7.1/share/hadoop/common/lib/curator-client-2.7.1.jar:/home/hadoop/hadoop-2.7.1/share/hadoop/common/lib/hadoop-annotations-2.7.1.jar:/home/hadoop/hadoop-2.7.1/share/hadoop/common/lib/stax-api-1.0-2.jar:/home/hadoop/hadoop-2.7.1/share/hadoop/common/lib/commons-httpclient-3.1.jar:/home/hadoop/hadoop-2.7.1/share/hadoop/common/lib/httpclient-4.2.5.jar:/home/hadoop/hadoop-2.7.1/share/hadoop/common/lib/jersey-core-1.9.jar:/home/hadoop/hadoop-2.7.1/share/hadoop/common/lib/curator-framework-2.7.1.jar:/home/hadoop/hadoop-2.7.1/share/hadoop/common/lib/xz-1.0.jar:/home/hadoop/hadoop-2.7.1/share/hadoop/common/lib/commons-math3-3.1.1.jar:/home/hadoop/hadoop-2.7.1/share/hadoop/common/lib/slf4j-log4j12-1.7.10.jar:/home/hadoop/hadoop-2.7.1/share/hadoop/common/lib/commons-beanutils-core-1.8.0.jar:/home/hadoop/hadoop-2.7.1/share/hadoop/common/lib/jackson-jaxrs-1.9.13.jar:/home/hadoop/hadoop-2.7.1/share/hadoop/common/lib/xmlenc-0.52.jar:/home/hadoop/hadoop-2.7.1/share/hadoop/common/lib/commons-logging-1.1.3.jar:/home/hadoop/hadoop-2.7.1/share/hadoop/common/lib/jackson-xc-1.9.13.jar:/home/hadoop/hadoop-2.7.1/share/hadoop/common/lib/jets3t-0.9.0.jar:/home/hadoop/hadoop-2.7.1/share/hadoop/common/lib/api-asn1-api-1.0.0-m20.jar:/home/hadoop/hadoop-2.7.1/share/hadoop/common/lib/commons-compress-1.4.1.jar:/home/hadoop/hadoop-2.7.1/share/hadoop/common/lib/jackson-mapper-asl-1.9.13.jar:/home/hadoop/hadoop-2.7.1/share/hadoop/common/lib/jsp-api-2.1.jar:/home/hadoop/hadoop-2.7.1/share/hadoop/common/lib/jersey-json-1.9.jar:/home/hadoop/hadoop-2.7.1/share/hadoop/common/lib/mockito-all-1.8.5.jar:/home/hadoop/hadoop-2.7.1/share/hadoop/common/lib/commons-codec-1.4.jar:/home/hadoop/hadoop-2.7.1/share/hadoop/common/lib/jersey-server-1.9.jar:/home/hadoop/hadoop-2.7.1/share/hadoop/common/lib/httpcore-4.2.5.jar:/home/hadoop/hadoop-2.7.1/share/hadoop/common/lib/commons-collections-3.2.1.jar:/home/hadoop/hadoop-2.7.1/share/hadoop/common/lib/zookeeper-3.4.6.jar:/home/hadoop/hadoop-2.7.1/share/hadoop/common/lib/junit-4.11.jar:/home/hadoop/hadoop-2.7.1/share/hadoop/common/hadoop-common-2.7.1-tests.jar:/home/hadoop/hadoop-2.7.1/share/hadoop/common/hadoop-nfs-2.7.1.jar:/home/hadoop/hadoop-2.7.1/share/hadoop/common/hadoop-common-2.7.1.jar:/home/hadoop/hadoop-2.7.1/share/hadoop/hdfs:/home/hadoop/hadoop-2.7.1/share/hadoop/hdfs/lib/log4j-1.2.17.jar:/home/hadoop/hadoop-2.7.1/share/hadoop/hdfs/lib/jsr305-3.0.0.jar:/home/hadoop/hadoop-2.7.1/share/hadoop/hdfs/lib/commons-cli-1.2.jar:/home/hadoop/hadoop-2.7.1/share/hadoop/hdfs/lib/asm-3.2.jar:/home/hadoop/hadoop-2.7.1/share/hadoop/hdfs/lib/commons-io-2.4.jar:/home/hadoop/hadoop-2.7.1/share/hadoop/hdfs/lib/servlet-api-2.5.jar:/home/hadoop/hadoop-2.7.1/share/hadoop/hdfs/lib/protobuf-java-2.5.0.jar:/home/hadoop/hadoop-2.7.1/share/hadoop/hdfs/lib/netty-3.6.2.final.jar:/home/hadoop/hadoop-2.7.1/share/hadoop/hdfs/lib/jetty-util-6.1.26.jar:/home/hadoop/hadoop-2.7.1/share/hadoop/hdfs/lib/jackson-core-asl-1.9.13.jar:/home/hadoop/hadoop-2.7.1/share/hadoop/hdfs/lib/xml-apis-1.3.04.jar:/home/hadoop/hadoop-2.7.1/share/hadoop/hdfs/lib/htrace-core-3.1.0-incubating.jar:/home/hadoop/hadoop-2.7.1/share/hadoop/hdfs/lib/netty-all-4.0.23.final.jar:/home/hadoop/hadoop-2.7.1/share/hadoop/hdfs/lib/jetty-6.1.26.jar:/home/hadoop/hadoop-2.7.1/share/hadoop/hdfs/lib/xercesimpl-2.9.1.jar:/home/hadoop/hadoop-2.7.1/share/hadoop/hdfs/lib/commons-lang-2.6.jar:/home/hadoop/hadoop-2.7.1/share/hadoop/hdfs/lib/guava-11.0.2.jar:/home/hadoop/hadoop-2.7.1/share/hadoop/hdfs/lib/jersey-core-1.9.jar:/home/hadoop/hadoop-2.7.1/share/hadoop/hdfs/lib/xmlenc-0.52.jar:/home/hadoop/hadoop-2.7.1/share/hadoop/hdfs/lib/commons-logging-1.1.3.jar:/home/hadoop/hadoop-2.7.1/share/hadoop/hdfs/lib/commons-daemon-1.0.13.jar:/home/hadoop/hadoop-2.7.1/share/hadoop/hdfs/lib/jackson-mapper-asl-1.9.13.jar:/home/hadoop/hadoop-2.7.1/share/hadoop/hdfs/lib/commons-codec-1.4.jar:/home/hadoop/hadoop-2.7.1/share/hadoop/hdfs/lib/leveldbjni-all-1.8.jar:/home/hadoop/hadoop-2.7.1/share/hadoop/hdfs/lib/jersey-server-1.9.jar:/home/hadoop/hadoop-2.7.1/share/hadoop/hdfs/hadoop-hdfs-2.7.1-tests.jar:/home/hadoop/hadoop-2.7.1/share/hadoop/hdfs/hadoop-hdfs-nfs-2.7.1.jar:/home/hadoop/hadoop-2.7.1/share/hadoop/hdfs/hadoop-hdfs-2.7.1.jar:/home/hadoop/hadoop-2.7.1/share/hadoop/yarn/lib/log4j-1.2.17.jar:/home/hadoop/hadoop-2.7.1/share/hadoop/yarn/lib/jsr305-3.0.0.jar:/home/hadoop/hadoop-2.7.1/share/hadoop/yarn/lib/commons-cli-1.2.jar:/home/hadoop/hadoop-2.7.1/share/hadoop/yarn/lib/jaxb-impl-2.2.3-1.jar:/home/hadoop/hadoop-2.7.1/share/hadoop/yarn/lib/asm-3.2.jar:/home/hadoop/hadoop-2.7.1/share/hadoop/yarn/lib/jaxb-api-2.2.2.jar:/home/hadoop/hadoop-2.7.1/share/hadoop/yarn/lib/commons-io-2.4.jar:/home/hadoop/hadoop-2.7.1/share/hadoop/yarn/lib/servlet-api-2.5.jar:/home/hadoop/hadoop-2.7.1/share/hadoop/yarn/lib/protobuf-java-2.5.0.jar:/home/hadoop/hadoop-2.7.1/share/hadoop/yarn/lib/netty-3.6.2.final.jar:/home/hadoop/hadoop-2.7.1/share/hadoop/yarn/lib/jetty-util-6.1.26.jar:/home/hadoop/hadoop-2.7.1/share/hadoop/yarn/lib/jackson-core-asl-1.9.13.jar:/home/hadoop/hadoop-2.7.1/share/hadoop/yarn/lib/activation-1.1.jar:/home/hadoop/hadoop-2.7.1/share/hadoop/yarn/lib/jersey-guice-1.9.jar:/home/hadoop/hadoop-2.7.1/share/hadoop/yarn/lib/jettison-1.1.jar:/home/hadoop/hadoop-2.7.1/share/hadoop/yarn/lib/jetty-6.1.26.jar:/home/hadoop/hadoop-2.7.1/share/hadoop/yarn/lib/commons-lang-2.6.jar:/home/hadoop/hadoop-2.7.1/share/hadoop/yarn/lib/jersey-client-1.9.jar:/home/hadoop/hadoop-2.7.1/share/hadoop/yarn/lib/guava-11.0.2.jar:/home/hadoop/hadoop-2.7.1/share/hadoop/yarn/lib/aopalliance-1.0.jar:/home/hadoop/hadoop-2.7.1/share/hadoop/yarn/lib/guice-3.0.jar:/home/hadoop/hadoop-2.7.1/share/hadoop/yarn/lib/stax-api-1.0-2.jar:/home/hadoop/hadoop-2.7.1/share/hadoop/yarn/lib/jersey-core-1.9.jar:/home/hadoop/hadoop-2.7.1/share/hadoop/yarn/lib/xz-1.0.jar:/home/hadoop/hadoop-2.7.1/share/hadoop/yarn/lib/zookeeper-3.4.6-tests.jar:/home/hadoop/hadoop-2.7.1/share/hadoop/yarn/lib/jackson-jaxrs-1.9.13.jar:/home/hadoop/hadoop-2.7.1/share/hadoop/yarn/lib/commons-logging-1.1.3.jar:/home/hadoop/hadoop-2.7.1/share/hadoop/yarn/lib/javax.inject-1.jar:/home/hadoop/hadoop-2.7.1/share/hadoop/yarn/lib/jackson-xc-1.9.13.jar:/home/hadoop/hadoop-2.7.1/share/hadoop/yarn/lib/commons-compress-1.4.1.jar:/home/hadoop/hadoop-2.7.1/share/hadoop/yarn/lib/jackson-mapper-asl-1.9.13.jar:/home/hadoop/hadoop-2.7.1/share/hadoop/yarn/lib/guice-servlet-3.0.jar:/home/hadoop/hadoop-2.7.1/share/hadoop/yarn/lib/jersey-json-1.9.jar:/home/hadoop/hadoop-2.7.1/share/hadoop/yarn/lib/commons-codec-1.4.jar:/home/hadoop/hadoop-2.7.1/share/hadoop/yarn/lib/leveldbjni-all-1.8.jar:/home/hadoop/hadoop-2.7.1/share/hadoop/yarn/lib/jersey-server-1.9.jar:/home/hadoop/hadoop-2.7.1/share/hadoop/yarn/lib/commons-collections-3.2.1.jar:/home/hadoop/hadoop-2.7.1/share/hadoop/yarn/lib/zookeeper-3.4.6.jar:/home/hadoop/hadoop-2.7.1/share/hadoop/yarn/hadoop-yarn-api-2.7.1.jar:/home/hadoop/hadoop-2.7.1/share/hadoop/yarn/hadoop-yarn-server-common-2.7.1.jar:/home/hadoop/hadoop-2.7.1/share/hadoop/yarn/hadoop-yarn-applications-unmanaged-am-launcher-2.7.1.jar:/home/hadoop/hadoop-2.7.1/share/hadoop/yarn/hadoop-yarn-server-resourcemanager-2.7.1.jar:/home/hadoop/hadoop-2.7.1/share/hadoop/yarn/hadoop-yarn-registry-2.7.1.jar:/home/hadoop/hadoop-2.7.1/share/hadoop/yarn/hadoop-yarn-server-nodemanager-2.7.1.jar:/home/hadoop/hadoop-2.7.1/share/hadoop/yarn/hadoop-yarn-applications-distributedshell-2.7.1.jar:/home/hadoop/hadoop-2.7.1/share/hadoop/yarn/hadoop-yarn-server-web-proxy-2.7.1.jar:/home/hadoop/hadoop-2.7.1/share/hadoop/yarn/hadoop-yarn-server-sharedcachemanager-2.7.1.jar:/home/hadoop/hadoop-2.7.1/share/hadoop/yarn/hadoop-yarn-client-2.7.1.jar:/home/hadoop/hadoop-2.7.1/share/hadoop/yarn/hadoop-yarn-server-applicationhistoryservice-2.7.1.jar:/home/hadoop/hadoop-2.7.1/share/hadoop/yarn/hadoop-yarn-server-tests-2.7.1.jar:/home/hadoop/hadoop-2.7.1/share/hadoop/yarn/hadoop-yarn-common-2.7.1.jar:/home/hadoop/hadoop-2.7.1/share/hadoop/mapreduce/lib/log4j-1.2.17.jar:/home/hadoop/hadoop-2.7.1/share/hadoop/mapreduce/lib/asm-3.2.jar:/home/hadoop/hadoop-2.7.1/share/hadoop/mapreduce/lib/commons-io-2.4.jar:/home/hadoop/hadoop-2.7.1/share/hadoop/mapreduce/lib/protobuf-java-2.5.0.jar:/home/hadoop/hadoop-2.7.1/share/hadoop/mapreduce/lib/netty-3.6.2.final.jar:/home/hadoop/hadoop-2.7.1/share/hadoop/mapreduce/lib/jackson-core-asl-1.9.13.jar:/home/hadoop/hadoop-2.7.1/share/hadoop/mapreduce/lib/paranamer-2.3.jar:/home/hadoop/hadoop-2.7.1/share/hadoop/mapreduce/lib/jersey-guice-1.9.jar:/home/hadoop/hadoop-2.7.1/share/hadoop/mapreduce/lib/hamcrest-core-1.3.jar:/home/hadoop/hadoop-2.7.1/share/hadoop/mapreduce/lib/avro-1.7.4.jar:/home/hadoop/hadoop-2.7.1/share/hadoop/mapreduce/lib/aopalliance-1.0.jar:/home/hadoop/hadoop-2.7.1/share/hadoop/mapreduce/lib/guice-3.0.jar:/home/hadoop/hadoop-2.7.1/share/hadoop/mapreduce/lib/snappy-java-1.0.4.1.jar:/home/hadoop/hadoop-2.7.1/share/hadoop/mapreduce/lib/hadoop-annotations-2.7.1.jar:/home/hadoop/hadoop-2.7.1/share/hadoop/mapreduce/lib/jersey-core-1.9.jar:/home/hadoop/hadoop-2.7.1/share/hadoop/mapreduce/lib/xz-1.0.jar:/home/hadoop/hadoop-2.7.1/share/hadoop/mapreduce/lib/javax.inject-1.jar:/home/hadoop/hadoop-2.7.1/share/hadoop/mapreduce/lib/commons-compress-1.4.1.jar:/home/hadoop/hadoop-2.7.1/share/hadoop/mapreduce/lib/jackson-mapper-asl-1.9.13.jar:/home/hadoop/hadoop-2.7.1/share/hadoop/mapreduce/lib/guice-servlet-3.0.jar:/home/hadoop/hadoop-2.7.1/share/hadoop/mapreduce/lib/leveldbjni-all-1.8.jar:/home/hadoop/hadoop-2.7.1/share/hadoop/mapreduce/lib/jersey-server-1.9.jar:/home/hadoop/hadoop-2.7.1/share/hadoop/mapreduce/lib/junit-4.11.jar:/home/hadoop/hadoop-2.7.1/share/hadoop/mapreduce/hadoop-mapreduce-examples-2.7.1.jar:/home/hadoop/hadoop-2.7.1/share/hadoop/mapreduce/hadoop-mapreduce-client-common-2.7.1.jar:/home/hadoop/hadoop-2.7.1/share/hadoop/mapreduce/hadoop-mapreduce-client-hs-plugins-2.7.1.jar:/home/hadoop/hadoop-2.7.1/share/hadoop/mapreduce/hadoop-mapreduce-client-shuffle-2.7.1.jar:/home/hadoop/hadoop-2.7.1/share/hadoop/mapreduce/hadoop-mapreduce-client-core-2.7.1.jar:/home/hadoop/hadoop-2.7.1/share/hadoop/mapreduce/hadoop-mapreduce-client-app-2.7.1.jar:/home/hadoop/hadoop-2.7.1/share/hadoop/mapreduce/hadoop-mapreduce-client-jobclient-2.7.1-tests.jar:/home/hadoop/hadoop-2.7.1/share/hadoop/mapreduce/hadoop-mapreduce-client-hs-2.7.1.jar:/home/hadoop/hadoop-2.7.1/share/hadoop/mapreduce/hadoop-mapreduce-client-jobclient-2.7.1.jar:/home/master/hadoop-2.7.1/contrib/capacity-scheduler/*.jar:/home/master/hadoop-2.7.1/contrib/capacity-scheduler/*.jar
startup_msg:  build = https://git-wip-us.apache.org/repos/asf/hadoop.git -r 15ecc87ccf4a0228f35af08fc56de536e6ce657a; compiled by 'jenkins' on 2015-06-29t06:04z
startup_msg:  java = 1.7.0_76
************************************************************/
17/02/02 02:59:44 info namenode.namenode: registered unix signal handlers for [term, hup, int]
17/02/02 02:59:44 info namenode.namenode: createnamenode [-format]
formatting using clusterid: cid-ef219bd8-5622-49d9-b501-6370f3b5fc73
17/02/02 03:00:03 info namenode.fsnamesystem: no keyprovider found.
17/02/02 03:00:03 info namenode.fsnamesystem: fslock is fair:true
17/02/02 03:00:04 info blockmanagement.datanodemanager: dfs.block.invalidate.limit=1000
17/02/02 03:00:04 info blockmanagement.datanodemanager: dfs.namenode.datanode.registration.ip-hostname-check=true
17/02/02 03:00:04 info blockmanagement.blockmanager: dfs.namenode.startup.delay.block.deletion.sec is set to 000:00:00:00.000
17/02/02 03:00:04 info blockmanagement.blockmanager: the block deletion will start around 2017 feb 02 03:00:04
17/02/02 03:00:04 info util.gset: computing capacity for map blocksmap
17/02/02 03:00:04 info util.gset: vm type    = 64-bit
17/02/02 03:00:04 info util.gset: 2.0% max memory 966.7 mb = 19.3 mb
17/02/02 03:00:04 info util.gset: capacity   = 2^21 = 2097152 entries
17/02/02 03:00:04 info blockmanagement.blockmanager: dfs.block.access.token.enable=false
17/02/02 03:00:04 info blockmanagement.blockmanager: defaultreplication     = 2
17/02/02 03:00:04 info blockmanagement.blockmanager: maxreplication       = 512
17/02/02 03:00:04 info blockmanagement.blockmanager: minreplication       = 1
17/02/02 03:00:04 info blockmanagement.blockmanager: maxreplicationstreams   = 2
17/02/02 03:00:04 info blockmanagement.blockmanager: shouldcheckforenoughracks = false
17/02/02 03:00:04 info blockmanagement.blockmanager: replicationrecheckinterval = 3000
17/02/02 03:00:04 info blockmanagement.blockmanager: encryptdatatransfer    = false
17/02/02 03:00:04 info blockmanagement.blockmanager: maxnumblockstolog     = 1000
17/02/02 03:00:04 info namenode.fsnamesystem: fsowner       = hadoop (auth:simple)
17/02/02 03:00:04 info namenode.fsnamesystem: supergroup     = supergroup
17/02/02 03:00:04 info namenode.fsnamesystem: ispermissionenabled = true
17/02/02 03:00:04 info namenode.fsnamesystem: ha enabled: false
17/02/02 03:00:04 info namenode.fsnamesystem: append enabled: true
17/02/02 03:00:05 info util.gset: computing capacity for map inodemap
17/02/02 03:00:05 info util.gset: vm type    = 64-bit
17/02/02 03:00:05 info util.gset: 1.0% max memory 966.7 mb = 9.7 mb
17/02/02 03:00:05 info util.gset: capacity   = 2^20 = 1048576 entries
17/02/02 03:00:05 info namenode.fsdirectory: acls enabled? false
17/02/02 03:00:05 info namenode.fsdirectory: xattrs enabled? true
17/02/02 03:00:05 info namenode.fsdirectory: maximum size of an xattr: 16384
17/02/02 03:00:05 info namenode.namenode: caching file names occuring more than 10 times
17/02/02 03:00:05 info util.gset: computing capacity for map cachedblocks
17/02/02 03:00:05 info util.gset: vm type    = 64-bit
17/02/02 03:00:05 info util.gset: 0.25% max memory 966.7 mb = 2.4 mb
17/02/02 03:00:05 info util.gset: capacity   = 2^18 = 262144 entries
17/02/02 03:00:05 info namenode.fsnamesystem: dfs.namenode.safemode.threshold-pct = 0.9990000128746033
17/02/02 03:00:05 info namenode.fsnamesystem: dfs.namenode.safemode.min.datanodes = 0
17/02/02 03:00:05 info namenode.fsnamesystem: dfs.namenode.safemode.extension   = 30000
17/02/02 03:00:05 info metrics.topmetrics: nntop conf: dfs.namenode.top.window.num.buckets = 10
17/02/02 03:00:05 info metrics.topmetrics: nntop conf: dfs.namenode.top.num.users = 10
17/02/02 03:00:05 info metrics.topmetrics: nntop conf: dfs.namenode.top.windows.minutes = 1,5,25
17/02/02 03:00:05 info namenode.fsnamesystem: retry cache on namenode is enabled
17/02/02 03:00:05 info namenode.fsnamesystem: retry cache will use 0.03 of total heap and retry cache entry expiry time is 600000 millis
17/02/02 03:00:06 info util.gset: computing capacity for map namenoderetrycache
17/02/02 03:00:06 info util.gset: vm type    = 64-bit
17/02/02 03:00:06 info util.gset: 0.029999999329447746% max memory 966.7 mb = 297.0 kb
17/02/02 03:00:06 info util.gset: capacity   = 2^15 = 32768 entries
re-format filesystem in storage directory /tmp/dfs/name ? (y or n) y
17/02/02 03:00:28 info namenode.fsimage: allocated new blockpoolid: bp-1867851271-192.168.190.128-1485975628037
17/02/02 03:00:28 info common.storage: storage directory /tmp/dfs/name has been successfully formatted.
17/02/02 03:00:29 info namenode.nnstorageretentionmanager: going to retain 1 images with txid >= 0
17/02/02 03:00:29 info util.exitutil: exiting with status 0
17/02/02 03:00:29 info namenode.namenode: shutdown_msg: 
/************************************************************
shutdown_msg: shutting down namenode at master/192.168.190.128
************************************************************/

说明初始格式化文件系统成功!

启动hadoop

注意启动hadoop是在主节点上执行命令,其他节点不需要,主节点会自动按照文件配置启动从节点

hadoop@master:~$ start-all.sh

执行结果如下:

hadoop@master:~$ start-all.sh
this script is deprecated. instead use start-dfs.sh and start-yarn.sh
starting namenodes on [master]
master: starting namenode, logging to /home/hadoop/hadoop-2.7.1/logs/hadoop-hadoop-namenode-master.out
slave1: starting datanode, logging to /home/hadoop/hadoop-2.7.1/logs/hadoop-hadoop-datanode-slave1.out
slave2: starting datanode, logging to /home/hadoop/hadoop-2.7.1/logs/hadoop-hadoop-datanode-slave2.out
starting secondary namenodes [0.0.0.0]
0.0.0.0: starting secondarynamenode, logging to /home/hadoop/hadoop-2.7.1/logs/hadoop-hadoop-secondarynamenode-master.out
starting yarn daemons
starting resourcemanager, logging to /home/hadoop/hadoop-2.7.1/logs/yarn-hadoop-resourcemanager-master.out
slave1: starting nodemanager, logging to /home/hadoop/hadoop-2.7.1/logs/yarn-hadoop-nodemanager-slave1.out
slave2: starting nodemanager, logging to /home/hadoop/hadoop-2.7.1/logs/yarn-hadoop-nodemanager-slave2.out

可以通过jps命令查看各个节点运行的进程查看运行是否成功。

master节点:

hadoop@master:~$ jps
11012 jps
10748 resourcemanager
10594 secondarynamenode

slave1节点:

hadoop@slave1:~$ jps
7227 jps
7100 nodemanager
6977 datanode

slave2节点:

hadoop@slave2:~$ jps
6654 jps
6496 nodemanager
6373 datanode

你可以通过以下命令或者通过http://master:50070查看集群状态。

hadoop dfsadmin -report

至此haoop的安装配置已经全部讲完。

hbase的安装

hbase有三种运行模式,其中单机模式的配置非常简单,几乎不用对安装文件做任何修改就可以使用。如果要运行分布式模式,hadoop是必不可少的。另外在对hbase的某些文件进行配置之前,需要具备一下先决条件也是我们刚才介绍hadoop介绍过的。

(1)jdk

( 2 )hadoop

( 3 )ssh

完全分布式模式安装

对于完全分布式安装hbase,我们需要通过hbase-site.xml文档来配置本机的hbase特性,通过hbase-env.sh来配置全局hbase集群系统的特性,也就是说每一台机器都可以通过hbase-env.sh来了解全局的hbase的某些特性。另外,各个hbase实例之间需要通过zookeeper来进行通信,因此我们还需要维护一个(一组)zookeeper系统。

首先通过查看下hbase文件的所有者和权限

ls -a -l

得到如下:

total 36
drwxr-xr-x 9 root  root 4096 feb 1 02:41 .
drwxr-xr-x 4 root  root 4096 jan 27 01:50 ..
drwx------ 3 root  root 4096 jan 31 03:35 .cache
drwxr-xr-x 5 root  root 4096 jan 31 03:35 .config
drwxrwxrwx 11 hadoop root 4096 feb 1 00:18 hadoop-2.7.1
drwxrwxrwx 8 hadoop root 4096 feb 1 02:47 hbase-1.2.4
drwxr-xr-x 3 root  root 4096 jan 31 03:35 .local
drwxr-xr-x 2 root  root 4096 jan 31 14:47 software
drwxr-xr-x 2 hadoop root 4096 feb 1 00:01 .ssh

(1)conf/hbase-site.xml文件的配置

hbase.rootdir和hbase.cluster.distributed两个参数的配置对于hbase来说是必须的。我们通过hbase.rootdir来指定本台机器hbase的存储目录;通过hbase.cluster.distributed来说明其运行模式(true为全分布式模式,false为单机模式或伪分布式模式);另外hbase.master指定的是hbase的master位置,hbase.zookeeper.quorum指定的是zookeeper集群的位置。如下所示为示例配置文档:

同样,通过ubuntu的目录查找hbase-site.xml

/home/hadoop/hbase-1.2.4/conf

配置如下:






hbase.rootdir
hdfs://master:9000/hbase
hbase data storge directory


hbase.cluster.distributed
true
assign hbase run mode


hbase.master
hdfs://master:60000
assign master position


hbase.zookeeper.quorum
master,slave1,slave2
assign zookeeper cluster

(2)conf/regionservers的配置

regionservers文件列出了所有运行hbase regionserver chregion server的机器。此文件的配置和hadoop的slaves文件十分类似,每一行指定一台机器。当hbase启动的时候,会将此文件中列出的机器启动;同样,当hbase关闭的时候,也会同时自动读取文件并将所有机器关闭。

在我们配置中,hbase master及hdfs namenode运行在hostname为master的机器上,hbase regionservers运行在master、slave1、slave2上。根据上述配置,我们只需要将每台机器上hbase安装目录下的conf/regionservers文件的内容设置为:
/home/hadoop/hbase-1.2.4/conf

master
slave1
slave2

另外,我们可以将hbase的master和hregionserver服务器分开。这样只需要在上述配置文件中删除master一行即可。

(3)zookeeper配置

完全分布式的hbase集群需要zookeeper实例运行,并且需要所有的hbase节点能够与zookeeper实例通信。默认情况下hbase自身维护着一组默认的zookeeper实例。不过,用户可以配置独立的zookeeper实例,这样能够使hbase系统更加健壮。

conf/hbase-env.sh配置文档中hbase_manages_zk的默认值为true,它表示hbase使用自身所带的zookeeper实例。但是,该实例只能为单机或者伪分布式模式下的hbase提供服务。当安装完全分布模式时需要配置自己的zookeeper实例。在hbase-site.xml文档中配置了hbase.zookeeper.quorum属性后,系统将有限使用该属性所指定的zookeeper列表。此时,若hbase_manages_zk变量值为true,那么在启动hbase时,hbase将把zookeeper作为自身的一部分运行,其对应进程为“hquorumpeer”;若该变量值为false,那么在启动hbase之前必须首先手动运行hbase.zookeeper.quorum属性所指定的zookeeper集群,其对应的进程显示为quorumpeermain.若将zookeeper作为hbase的一部分来运行,那么关闭hbase时zookeeper将被自动关闭,否则需要手动停止zookeeper服务。

运行hbase

运行之前,在hdfs文件系统中添加hbase目录:

hdfs dfs -mkdir hdfs://master:9000/hbase

执行start-hbase.sh

hadoop@master:~$ start-hbase.sh
slave1: starting zookeeper, logging to /home/hadoop/hbase-1.2.4/logs/hbase-hadoop-zookeeper-slave1.out
slave2: starting zookeeper, logging to /home/hadoop/hbase-1.2.4/logs/hbase-hadoop-zookeeper-slave2.out
master: starting zookeeper, logging to /home/hadoop/hbase-1.2.4/logs/hbase-hadoop-zookeeper-master.out
starting master, logging to /home/hadoop/hbase-1.2.4/logs/hbase-hadoop-master-master.out
master: starting regionserver, logging to /home/hadoop/hbase-1.2.4/logs/hbase-hadoop-regionserver-master.out
slave2: starting regionserver, logging to /home/hadoop/hbase-1.2.4/logs/hbase-hadoop-regionserver-slave2.out
slave1: starting regionserver, logging to /home/hadoop/hbase-1.2.4/logs/hbase-hadoop-regionserver-slave1.out

在启动hbase之后,用户可以通过下面命令进入hbase shell之中:

hbase shell

成功进入之后,用户会看到如下所示:

hadoop@master:~$ hbase shell
slf4j: class path contains multiple slf4j bindings.
slf4j: found binding in [jar:file:/home/hadoop/hbase-1.2.4/lib/slf4j-log4j12-1.7.5.jar!/org/slf4j/impl/staticloggerbinder.class]
slf4j: found binding in [jar:file:/home/hadoop/hadoop-2.7.1/share/hadoop/common/lib/slf4j-log4j12-1.7.10.jar!/org/slf4j/impl/staticloggerbinder.class]
slf4j: see http://www.slf4j.org/codes.html#multiple_bindings for an explanation.
slf4j: actual binding is of type [org.slf4j.impl.log4jloggerfactory]
hbase shell; enter 'help' for list of supported commands.
type "exit" to leave the hbase shell
version 1.2.4, r67592f3d062743907f8c5ae00dbbe1ae4f69e5af, tue oct 25 18:10:20 cdt 2016

hbase(main):001:0>

进去hbase shell输入status命令,如果看到如下结果,证明hbase安装成功。

hbase(main):009:0> status
1 active master, 0 backup masters, 3 servers, 0 dead, 0.6667 average load

输入list

hbase(main):010:0> list
table                                      
0 row(s) in 0.3250 seconds

=> []

感谢各位的阅读,以上就是“Ubuntu如何搭建完全分布式”的内容了,经过本文的学习后,相信大家对Ubuntu如何搭建完全分布式这一问题有了更深刻的体会,具体使用情况还需要大家实践验证。这里是创新互联,小编将为大家推送更多相关知识点的文章,欢迎关注!


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