如何手工创建数据库

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Refer Doc:Administrator’s Guide->2 Creating and Configuring an Oracle Database->Creating a Database with the CREATE DATABASE Statement

Step 1: Specify an Instance Identifier (SID)

[oracle@OCM ~]$ export ORACLE_SID=PROD3

Step 2: Ensure That the Required Environment Variables Are Set

[oracle@OCM ~]$ env |grep ORACLE

ORACLE_SID=PROD3

ORACLE_BASE=/u01/app/oracle/product

ORACLE_HOME=/u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/dbhome_1

Step 3: Choose a Database Administrator Authentication Method

[oracle@OCM ~]$ cd $ORACLE_HOME/dbs

[oracle@OCM dbs]$ orapwd file=orapwPROD3 password=oracle entries=30

[oracle@OCM dbs]$ ll

total 12

-rw-r--r-- 1 oracle oinstall 2851 May 15  2009 init.ora

-rw-r----- 1 oracle oinstall 5120 Dec  5 07:51 orapwPROD3

Step 4: Create the Initialization Parameter File

[oracle@OCM scripts]$ cat initPROD3.ora

db_name='PROD3'

db_recovery_file_dest=' /u01/app/oracle/product/flash_recovery_area'

db_recovery_file_dest_size=2G

[oracle@OCM product]$ mkdir –p  /u01/app/oracle/product/flash_recovery_area

Step 5: (Windows Only) Create an Instance

Step 6: Connect to the Instance

[oracle@OCM scripts]$ sqlplus / as sysdba

Step 7: Create a Server Parameter File

SQL> CREATE SPFILE FROM PFILE;

Step 8: Start the Instance

SQL>  startup nomount

ORACLE instance started.

Total System Global Area  217157632 bytes

Fixed Size                  2251816 bytes

Variable Size             159384536 bytes

Database Buffers           50331648 bytes

Redo Buffers                5189632 bytes

Step 9: Issue the CREATE DATABASE Statement

[root@OCM ~]# mkdir -p  /u01/app/oracle/oradata/PROD3/redo

[root@OCM ~]# mkdir -p /u01/logs/PROD3

[root@OCM ~]# mkdir -p /u02/logs/PROD3

[root@OCM u01]# cat createdb.sql

CREATE DATABASE PROD3

   USER SYS IDENTIFIED BY sys_password

   USER SYSTEM IDENTIFIED BY system_password

   LOGFILE GROUP 1 ('/u01/app/oracle/oradata/PROD3/redo/redo01a.log','/u01/app/oracle/oradata/PROD3/redo/redo01b.log') SIZE 100M BLOCKSIZE 512,

       GROUP 2 ('/u01/app/oracle/oradata/PROD3/redo/redo02a.log','/u01/app/oracle/oradata/PROD3/redo/redo02b.log') SIZE 100M BLOCKSIZE 512,

       GROUP 3 ('/u01/app/oracle/oradata/PROD3/redo/redo03a.log','/u01/app/oracle/oradata/PROD3/redo/redo03b.log') SIZE 100M BLOCKSIZE 512

   MAXLOGFILES 5

   MAXLOGMEMBERS 5

   MAXLOGHISTORY 1

   MAXDATAFILES 100

   CHARACTER SET AL32UTF8

   NATIONAL CHARACTER SET AL16UTF16

   EXTENT MANAGEMENT LOCAL

   DATAFILE '/u01/app/oracle/oradata/PROD3/system01.dbf' SIZE 325M REUSE

   SYSAUX DATAFILE '/u01/app/oracle/oradata/PROD3/sysaux01.dbf' SIZE 325M REUSE

   DEFAULT TABLESPACE users

      DATAFILE '/u01/app/oracle/oradata/PROD3/users01.dbf'

      SIZE 500M REUSE AUTOEXTEND ON MAXSIZE UNLIMITED

   DEFAULT TEMPORARY TABLESPACE tempts1

      TEMPFILE '/u01/app/oracle/oradata/PROD3/temp01.dbf'

      SIZE 20M REUSE

   UNDO TABLESPACE undotbs

      DATAFILE '/u01/app/oracle/oradata/PROD3/undotbs01.dbf'

      SIZE 200M REUSE AUTOEXTEND ON MAXSIZE UNLIMITED;

SQL>  @/u01/createdb.sql

Database created.

Step 10: Create Additional Tablespaces

Step 11: Run Scripts to Build Data Dictionary Views

SQL> @?/rdbms/admin/catalog.sql

SQL> @?/rdbms/admin/catproc.sql

SQL> @?/rdbms/admin/utlrp.sql

Step 12: (Optional) Run Scripts to Install Additional Options

Step 13: Back Up the Database.

SQL> shutdown immediate

Database closed.

Database dismounted.

ORACLE instance shut down.

SQL> startup mount

ORACLE instance started.

Total System Global Area  217157632 bytes

Fixed Size                  2251816 bytes

Variable Size             159384536 bytes

Database Buffers           50331648 bytes

Redo Buffers                5189632 bytes

Database mounted.

SQL> alter database archivelog;

Database altered.

SQL> alter database open;

Database altered.

Step 14: (Optional) Enable Automatic Instance Startup

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